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Public Perception and Economic Issues
Published in Julie Kerr, Introduction to Energy and Climate, 2017
The distribution of marine fish and plankton are predominantly determined by climate, and true to expectations, marine species have been documented moving northward in U.S. waters and the timing of plankton blooms is also shifting. Extensive shifts in the ranges and distributions of both warmwater and coldwater species of fish have also been documented (Janetos et al., 2008). The polar areas are key areas where climate change has already made a significant impact, and impacts to the fishing industry are no exception (ThinkProgress, 2014). The waters around Alaska are already undergoing significant alterations in marine ecosystems with important implications for fisheries and the residents there who depend on them. Alaska is one of the leading areas for salmon, crab, halibut, and herring catch. In addition, many native communities depend on local harvests of fish, walrus, seals, whales, seabirds, and other marine species for their food supply. Climate change causes significant alterations in marine ecosystems with important impacts on the fisheries economy. Ocean acidification associated with increasing amounts of CO2 concentrations is a serious threat to coldwater marine ecosystems.
Marine spatial planning on Crete Island, Greece: methodological and implementation issues
Published in Journal of Spatial Science, 2023
Nikolaos Rempis, Georgios Tsilimigkas
Sectoral policies (i.e. on tourism, fishery, transportation, and on energy) provide directions and strategic options for sustainable development of activities and uses in coastal and marine area. The opportunities arising from the maritime activities are of strategic importance for the Greek economy, as highlighted in the Partnership Agreement for the Development Framework 2014–2020 (MDC 2014). Despite the existing uses more opportunities are identified to: (i) the development of blue energy; (ii) the protection of marine ecosystems; (iii) the development of fish shelters and regeneration of fish population as well as the simultaneous use of these areas for diving tourism; (iv) the promotion of the Navy culture and marine natural resources; (v) development of yachting and sport tourism, cruise tourism; (vi) the exploitation of marine mineral resources; and (vii) the development of blue biotechnology. Moreover, additional objectives for the coastal areas are to: (i) prevent risks caused by climate change; and (ii) implement MSP and ICZM in order to: (a) manage the increasing number of marine and coastal activities; (b) protect the marine environment; and (c) to avoid conflicts of uses (MDC 2014).
SOCIB integrated multi-platform ocean observing and forecasting: from ocean data to sector-focused delivery of products and services
Published in Journal of Operational Oceanography, 2019
Emma Heslop, Joaquín Tintoré, Paz Rotllan, Diego Álvarez-Berastegui, Biel Fontera, Baptiste Mourre, Lluís Gómez-Pujol, David March, Benjamin Casas, Glenn Nolan, Dominique Durand
The ocean is linked to human livelihoods and quality of life in numerous ways. From its role in modulating the climate, to how it provides a variety of social, cultural and economic benefits, the ocean contributes significantly to human well-being. It influences weather and climate, impacting many sectors, such as agriculture, marine and coastal activities, marine ecosystems, tourism, and the hazard response to severe storms, coastal flooding or harmful algal blooms. Oceans and climate are inextricably linked and oceans play a fundamental role in mitigating climate change by serving as a major heat and carbon sink. Human induced climate change threatens coastal and marine ecosystems through, for example acidification, changes in weather patterns and water temperature. These changes impact the health of our oceans, marine species, ecosystems services and coastal communities. Today, the interrelationship between oceans and climate is recognised and increasingly incorporated into policies contributing to bridge the science-policy gap.
Assessment of an ocean-ecosystem model in simulating the Indian coastal marine ecosystem dynamics
Published in Journal of Operational Oceanography, 2022
Kunal Chakraborty, Aneesh A. Lotliker, G.V.M. Gupta, Vishnu Narayanan Nampoothiri S., Arya Paul, Jayashree Ghosh, Trishneeta Bhattacharya, Sanjiba Kumar Baliarsingh, Alakes Samanta
The coastal marine ecosystem is particularly vulnerable by virtue of the possible changes in ocean mixing due to increased ocean stratification and in the intensity of coastal upwelling. These changes are expected to reduce overall primary productivity and alter the biomass and composition of lower trophic levels, leading to changes in the structure of food webs that support marine living resources, which has a direct impact on the lives and livelihoods of coastal communities.