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Introduction to Solar Energy Conversion
Published in D. Yogi Goswami, Principles of Solar Engineering, 2023
The second method of utilizing the oceans for energy generation is through ocean waves. Energy in ocean currents and waves is kinetic energy, which can be converted to power by specially designed turbines. Energy from tides can be harnessed by constructing a dam to hold seawater at a higher elevation when the tide is high and letting it run a turbine when the tide is low. According to an Electric Power Research Institute study, the total ocean wave and tidal power resource potential for the United States is approximately 2100 TWh/year (EPRI 2007), of which approximately 260 TWh/year could be credibly harnessed. Ocean energy conversion will not be covered in this book.
Basics of Earth Science
Published in Takashiro Akitsu, Environmental Science, 2018
Ocean current is a generic term for the horizontal flow of ocean water that occurs on a global scale. Tidal currents (both tidal flows) are similar phenomena, but they change with the passage of time and have short periodicity. Ocean currents flow in a substantially constant direction for a long time. Some areas in the sea have a steady flow in the vertical direction, but the flow velocity is very small, and so it is not usually called an ocean current. Based to their nature, ocean currents are roughly divided into two types: warm currents and cold currents.
Ocean Environment/Sea States
Published in Sukumar Laik, Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production, 2018
An ocean current is defined as the predominantly horizontal movement of the ocean waters. Ocean currents may be crudely divided into two types. The first type has a surface flow, which usually travels in a cyclical pattern (Figure 2.12). The second type has a deep, slow-moving flow, which usually travels in a meridional direction. Many currents have associated with them a reverse flow. These counter-currents flow adjacent to the accompanying current.
A numerical study on seasonal transport variability of the North Indian Ocean boundary currents using Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS)
Published in Journal of Operational Oceanography, 2022
Radharani Sen, Suchita Pandey, Sumit Dandapat, P. A. Francis, Arun Chakraborty
The oceanic current transport has a profound impact on marine life, ocean biogeochemical process, basin ecosystem, fishery, and offshore industries. Ocean current is a significant parameter that helps to move not only animals and plants around the ocean but also distributes heat and nutrients. Thus it is essential to determine the seasonal variability of the current transport accurately. As we have already discussed some reports on the boundary current transport in the NIO, it is constrained to a particular time or season. There is no sufficiently detailed and elaborated continuous survey on the monthly/seasonal transport of the NIO boundary currents to be useful for ocean climate studies and forecast of nutrient-rich water and fishing zones in the basin. Therefore, a proper transport calculation of EICC, WICC, and SC using the numerical model is essential. In this paper, we have analysed the spatial transport variability of the boundary currents in the NIO on a monthly and seasonal time scale using the high-resolution Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) simulation. We have also studied the boundary currents structure along with the transport up to their respective depth during different periods of the year. Section 2 outlines the model simulation, data, methodology and validation. Section 3 describes the volume transports and structure of the boundary currents and discusses the possible mechanisms. In section 4, the conclusions of the findings are mentioned.
Evaluation of multi-scale representation of ocean flow fields using the Euler method based on map load
Published in Journal of Spatial Science, 2020
Bo Ai, Yanmei Liu, Zhenhua Wang, Decheng Sun
Ocean current is an important dynamic marine phenomenon and a process that constrains a variety of other physical, chemical, biological and geological processes in the ocean. Ocean currents have a significant impact on the formation and change of climate, weather over the ocean and marine transportation (Silva et al. 2016). Ocean flow fields span a large range of scales, from small-scale coastal flows and surges, to mesoscale vortices, ocean fronts and even to long-term periodic oscillations at global scales (such as the El Niño phenomena) (Dai et al. 2014). The Euler method is a particularly common drawing method used to map ocean currents for these ocean flow field characteristics. In this method, sampled flow field data such as flow direction and velocity are represented by discrete arrow symbols, which can be used to realize the multi-scale visualization of the flow field (Brewer and Buttenfield 2006, Chen 2011).
Potential sites for the use of ocean energy in the Mexican Caribbean
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2023
Valeria Chávez, Juan Francisco Bárcenas, M. Luisa Martínez, Efraín Mateos, Adán Zúñiga-Ríos, Mayrene Guimarais, Astrid Wojtarowski, Rosario Landgrave, Carlos Humberto Ceballos Canché, Rodolfo Silva
There are various sources of energy that can be harnessed in our oceans: waves (generated by the action of the wind passing over the ocean surface), tidal ranges (the difference in height between high and low tides), tidal currents (the ebb and flow in estuaries resulting from the rise and fall of tides), ocean currents (derived from wind-driven ocean circulation and thermohaline circulation), thermal gradients (temperature differences between the upper layers of the ocean and those lower down), and salinity gradients (differences in the salinity of freshwater and seawater) (OES (Ocean Energy Systems) 2021).