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Traditional and innovative methods for physical and chemical remediation of soil contaminated with organic contaminants
Published in Katalin Gruiz, Tamás Meggyes, Éva Fenyvesi, Engineering Tools for Environmental Risk Management – 4, 2019
É. Fenyvesi, K. Gruiz, E. Morillo, J. Villaverde
Chemical oxidation can be coupled with the simultaneous or subsequent stimulation of bioremediation, e.g. by the addition of oxygen release compounds (ORC) to treat the low-concentration or remaining contaminants in the saturated soil. ORC is an oxygen-providing agent that enhances aerobic biodegradation in groundwater and in saturated soil. Usually it is phosphate-intercalated magnesium peroxide or calcium oxy-hydroxide that, when hydrated, provides a controlled release of molecular oxygen for periods of up to 12 months on a single application (Regenesis, 2018).
KOH-assisted synthesis of oxygen-rich activated carbon derived from biomass sugar palm midrib as performance electrode cell supercapacitor
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Rakhmawati Farma, Haliza Putri, Irma Apriyani
Figure 2(b) shows that each SPM sample has two gently sloping peaks at an angle of 2θ, about 24° for plane orientation 002 and 44° for 100 (Farma, Indriani, and Apriyani 2023). The XRD pattern indicates that SPM has an amorphous structure. Based on the International Center for Diffraction Data (ICDD), it is stated that the sharp peaks at an angle 38° and 39° indicated the presence of magnesium peroxide compounds (MgO2), while at an angle 33° indicated the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Also, sharp peaks at an angle around of 43° and 28° indicated the presence of silicon dioxide (SiO2) compounds found in the SPM electrode. The MgO2, CaCO3, and SiO2 compounds showed that materials other than carbon at the carbon electrodes did not decompose in a complex manner during the SPM biomass conversion process into activated carbon material.