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Cell and Extracellular Matrix Interactions in a Dynamic Biomechanical Environment:
Published in Michel R. Labrosse, Cardiovascular Mechanics, 2018
In healthy tissues, matrix-degrading enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in homeostatic renewal of the ECM as well as in degrading the ECM to facilitate cell migration and proliferation. More than 20 MMPs have been identified, which share three common domains: the prodomain, which is removed to activate the enzyme; the catalytic domain, which contains the active site that degrades the ECM target; and a hemopexin domain, which confers substrate specificity and can also bind inhibitors (Visse and Nagase 2003, Peng et al. 2012). Matrix metalloproteinases are grouped into families based on which ECM protein they can degrade; they include collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-13, and MMP-18), gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and stromelysins (MMP-3, MMP-10, and MMP-11). Most MMPs are secreted into the ECM, but some types remain membrane-bound to the cell (Visse and Nagase 2003).
Benzo[a]pyrene osteotoxicity and the regulatory roles of genetic and epigenetic factors: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Jiezhang Mo, Doris Wai-Ting Au, Jiahua Guo, Christoph Winkler, Richard Yuen-Chong Kong, Frauke Seemann
Apart from the effects on bone formation, BaP has been shown to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption (Alhaji et al., 2011; Tomokiyo et al., 2012; Torvanger et al., 2018; Voronov et al., 2005, 2008). The inhibition of OC differentiation and bone resorption via the crosstalk between RANKL and AhR signaling pathways competing for NF-kB in RAW264.7 cells has also been reported (Voronov et al., 2005, 2008). BaP reduced Mmp1 at both gene and protein levels in HPDLCs (Tomokiyo et al., 2012), as well as Mmp9 activity in goldfish scales (Torvanger et al., 2018). These in vitro studies suggest that the interference of BaP-activated AhR signaling on Rankl/Rank signaling is likely responsible for the observed inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. However, in a combined exposure with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), BaP reduced bone strength, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone connectivity while decreasing bone formation in an ovariectomized rat model (Lee et al., 2002). The antiestrogenic effects of BaP and DMBA may be causative for the observed increased bone turnover and osteoporosis (Lee et al., 2002). Notably, Iqbal et al. (2013) show that BaP or TCDD (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) directly induced osteoclastogenesis and promoted bone resorption through AhR-mediated CYP1 activation both in bone marrow cells and in mice.
DNA damage and reticular stress in cytotoxicity and oncotic cell death of MCF-7 cells treated with fluopsin C
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2022
Luan Vitor Alves de Lima, Matheus Felipe da Silva, Virginia Marcia Concato, Débora Berbel Lirio Rondina, Thalita Alves Zanetti, Ingrid Felicidade, Lilian Areal Marques, Sandra Regina Lepri, Ane Stéfano Simionato, Galdino Andrade Filho, Giuliana Castello Coatti, Mário Sérgio Mantovani
The real-time gene expression assay (RT-qPCR) was used to measure relative changes in mRNA expression of genes related to molecular pathways of cell death (BBC3, BIRC5, CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, PARP1, BCL2, and TNF), oxidative stress (GPX1), reticulum stress (ERN1 and EIF2AK3), DNA damage (GADD45A and H2AFX), cell cycle regulation (CDKN1A, M-TOR, NF-KB, TRAF-2, C-MYC, and TP53), autophagy (BECN1), and invasion (MMP9 and MMP1) in MCF-7 cells treated with 1 µM fluopsin C (Primer list – Table S1). GAPDH and ACTB served as reference genes.
Culture of pyramidal neural precursors, neural stem cells, and fibroblasts on various biomaterials
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2018
Mo Li, Ying Wang, Jidi Zhang, Zheng Cao, Shuo Wang, Wei Zheng, Qian Li, Tianqi Zheng, Xiumei Wang, Qunyuan Xu, Zhiguo Chen
Addition of a larger number of pyramidal neurons resulted in accelerated degradation of fibrin. To learn more about how the cells may have affected the materials, we examined the expression of different matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) from these cells. Expression of MT4-MMP, MMP1 and MMP10 were analysed. The substrates of MMP-MT4 include fibrinogen and fibrin. MMP1 was known as interstitial collagenase and fibroblast collagenase. MMP10 degrades proteoglycans and fibronectin.