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Environmental Processes
Published in Marcio Wagner da Silva, Crude Oil Refining, 2023
The amine type that is applied also has a great influence on the process results. Amines normally employed are MEA (monoethanolamine), DEA (diethanolamine), and MDEA (methyl-diethanolamine). MEA is normally applied in the natural gas treatment once the acid compound content is lower. Due to high chemical activity, the MEA is normally harder to recover when compared with DEA, which is commonly used in refineries’ treating units. The MEA is applied in solutions with 15–20% in mass, while DEA is applied in solutions, 20–30% in mass. MDEA presents lower H2S removing efficiency and normally is not applied to remove CO2. On the other hand, the lower activity is easily regenerated when compared with MEA and DEA. However, MDEA has a higher cost and a greater solubility in hydrocarbons, leading to losses and high makeup flow rate. MDEA is normally employed in solutions with 40–50% in mass.
Gas Treating
Published in Arthur J. Kidnay, William R. Parrish, Daniel G. McCartney, Fundamentals of Natural Gas Processing, 2019
Arthur J. Kidnay, William R. Parrish, Daniel G. McCartney
MDEA, a tertiary amine, can be used to selectively remove H2S to pipeline specifications while “slipping” some of the CO2. As noted previously, the CO2 slippage occurs because H2S hydrolysis is much faster than that for CO2, and the carbamate formation reaction does not occur with a tertiary amine. Consequently, short contact times in the absorber are used to obtain the selectivity. MDEA has a low vapor pressure and can be used at concentrations up to 50 wt% without appreciable corrosion or vaporization losses. Even with its relatively slow kinetics with CO2, MDEA is used for bulk removal of CO2 from CO2-rich gases because the regeneration energy requirement is lower than those for the other amines. Like DEA, it is not reclaimable by conventional thermal methods.
EEMS2015 organizing committee
Published in Yeping Wang, Jianhua Zhao, Advances in Energy, Environment and Materials Science, 2018
There are various technologies available for the separation of CO2 from the flue gas of conventional fossil fuel fired power plants, e.g., chemical absorp- tion, physical absorption, cryogenic methods, mem- brane separation, and biological fixation (Um et al., 2003). Chemical absorption process is generally recognized as the most effective technology (Rao and Rubin, 2002). Many solvents have gained wide- spread acceptance as viable solvents for pre and post combustion capture of CO2, but the most effective solvents are generally considered to be potassium car- bonate solvents or aqueous alkanolamines, includ- ing Monoethanolamine (MEA), Diethanolamine (DEA), N-Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), Di-2- Propanolamine (DIPA) and so on (Choi et al., 2009; Ghosh, Kentish and Stevens, 2009).
Application of reaction equilibrium thermodynamic model for correlation of H2S solubility in ionic liquids [emim][Ace] and [hmim][Ace] using CPA equation of state
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2019
Removal of acid gases such as H2S, is a challenging field in the natural and flue gases processing industries. As a common approach, alkanolamines, such as MDEA, is employed as the acid gas capturing agents. However this components present some drawbacks so that their application will be limited and costly (Afsharpour and Haghtalab 2017). Recently a new type of solvent, known as Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs or ILs), can attract the attentions in many applications because of their tunable essence. The ILs are molten salts including an organic cation and an inorganic or organic anion so that depending on their application, different cations and anions can be utilized (Haghtalab and Afsharpour 2015). Because of the tunable nature of such materials, they known as designer solvents. In these components, presence of Coulombic forces between the ions, causes in negligible vapor pressure (nonvolatility). Moreover, they present high stability from thermal and electrochemical point of view.
Process design and energy assessment of an onboard carbon capture system with boilers or heat pumps for additional steam generation
Published in Ships and Offshore Structures, 2023
Meangik Cho, Youngkyun Seo, Eunyoung Park, Daejun Chang, Seongjong Han
Recently, the IEAGHG programme conducted a study to identify promising solvents for post-combustion capture processes, including MDEA/PZ (IEAGHG 2022). Among the various solvent candidates, the AMP/PZ blended amine was recognised as one of the next-generation solvents. The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of this specific solvent when applied to OCCS. The AMP/PZ blended amine has been reported to possess several advantageous characteristics, including low regeneration energy, low corrosiveness, and low thermal degradation (Feron et al. 2020; Weir et al. 2023). Furthermore, the availability of pilot plant data allows for the verification of the capture process model. For performance comparison, the widely used MEA solvent was selected as the reference.
Rapid quantification of degraded products from methyldiethnolamine solution using automated direct sample analysis mass spectrometry and their removal
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2020
Priyabrata Pal, Abdul Fahim Arangadi, Anjali Achazhiyath Edathil, Vinu Pillai, Fawzi Banat
The natural gas sweetening unit in the Gulf region generally uses tertiary alkanolamine (methyldiethanolamine; MDEA) as an absorbent for selective removal of H2S/CO2 (Aliabad and Mirzaei, 2009). The organic degraded products, heat stable salts such as total organic acids and heavy metals are well-known contaminants in the acid gas removal unit. Accumulation of total contaminants deteriorates the solvent quality, weakens the absorption capacity and enhances foaming problems leading to huge loss of MDEA and also causes corrosion and fouling of the equipment (Thitakamol and Veawab, 2008; Alhseinat et al., 2014). Other researchers (Chakma and Miesen, 1988, 1997; Reza and Trejo, 2006; Bedell et al., 2011; Islam et al., 2011; Rochelle, 2012) including our previous work (Pal et al., 2015; Pal and Banat, 2016) identified several degraded products present in MDEA. Earlier, it was reported that DEA (a secondary alkanolamine) is one of the major organic degradation products in aqueous MDEA solution (Pal and Banat, 2016). An increase in the concentration of DEA would increase the absorption of CO2 resulting in an increased temperature of absorber due to the higher heat of absorption generated from reactions between DEA with CO2 (Zare and Mirzaei, 2009). Additionally, an increase in the DEA concentration is well known to enhance the corrosion rate (Dupart et al., 1993). Alhseinat et al. (2015) reported the foaming behavior in the presence of these degraded products on aqueous MDEA solution. Identification, as well as quantification of degradation products present in MDEA, is essential to overcome these issues.