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Introduction to Nanosensors
Published in Vinod Kumar Khanna, Nanosensors, 2021
What are the main subdivisions of Chemistry? Physical, organic, and inorganic chemistry. Physical chemistry deals with the physical principles governing the chemical phenomena, the physical structure of chemical compounds, and the physical effects of chemical reactions. Organic and inorganic chemistry are, respectively, the branches of chemistry concerned with organic and inorganic compounds. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of the element carbon, traditionally excluding its oxides and the carbonates, which are studied in inorganic chemistry.
Chemicals from Non-hydrocarbons
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
Thus, in this book, inorganic chemistry is concerned with the properties and behavior of inorganic compounds, which include metals, minerals, and organometallic compounds. While organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds and inorganic chemistry is the study of the remaining subset of compounds other than organic compounds, there is overlap between the two fields (such as organometallic compounds, which usually contain a metal or metalloid bonded directly to carbon).
General Princlpes
Published in Martin B., S.Z., of Industrial Hygiene, 2018
Inorganic chemistry is the study of compounds derived from minerals and other non-carbon compounds. These materials compose the largest portion of the periodic table. In the next paragraphs, chemistry terms of most importance to the industrial hygiene professional will be discussed.
Foreword to the focus issue: advancements of functional materials with nanoarchitectonics as post-nanotechnology concept in materials science
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2023
Human life depends on the materials available at a given time. Therefore, science and technology of advanced materials is the key to human development. In particular, advances in the fields of material fabrication and functional elucidation that have emerged over the past century have brought about rapid development of human society. The creation and rapid development of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, polymer chemistry, coordination chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, biochemistry, and other material sciences have brought about not only progress in academic fields but also the development of human society itself. In addition to these materials divisions, the latter half of the 20th century saw the inception of the revolutionary concept of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is a game changer that has revolutionized the course of scientific research. Direct observation, functional evaluation, and manipulation at the atomic, molecular, and nano-level became possible with the development of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology innovations have unlocked questions at the nanoscale. It has become clear that the functions of various materials depend not only on the properties of the material itself, but also on the nanostructure inside the material.
The Chemistry Professor as Consultant at the Norwegian Institute of Technology, 1910–1930
Published in Ambix, 2020
In 1913 Sigval Schmidt-Nielsen (1877–1956) was the fourth chemistry professor to be appointed after the establishment of NTH. The professorship was in technical-organic chemistry, one of two professorships in technical chemistry. In contrast to the professorships in organic chemistry and inorganic chemistry, those in technical-organic and technical-inorganic chemistry were concerned with technical processes for chemical industries. The position for which Schmidt-Nielsen applied included nutritional chemistry and the conservation of nutrients; the sugar, starch, and yeast industries; the colourings, fat and, oil industries; destructive distillation; and petroleum and explosives. When he was evaluated for the professorship, Schmidt-Nielsen was particularly praised for his expertise in the enzyme and yeast industries, in canned food, fish products, and nutrition.32 Like Farup, initially he was busy setting up his research and teaching laboratories, and establishing a study programme within his field. He thus found little time for research.
Data-Driven Intelligence on Innovation and Competition: Patent Overlay Network Visualization and Analytics
Published in Information Systems Management, 2020
Serhad Sarica, Bowen Yan, Jianxi Luo
In addition to single-firm analyses, the total technology space map can also serve as a benchmark for the comparison of the technology positions of different firms. Figure 5 uses the same map as background but now overlays it with the technology positions of Toyota Motor Company (2011 to 2018). It is visually apparent that during the most recent period, Toyota has more diversified technology positions, including many small and unpopular domains, whereas GM is only present in relatively large and popular domains. For example, Toyota has mastered technologies in “organic chemistry”, “inorganic chemistry”, “physical or chemical process”, “fuels and chemicals”, “biochemistry & genetic engineering”, “organic macromolecular compounds”, etc., where GM has zero presence. Toyota is considered as the global technology leader in alternative fuels and fuel cell vehicles. It is the only automotive company that has been selling proton exchange membrane fuel cell – powered sedans in the passenger car market.