China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Nanocellulose-Based Supercapacitors
Published in Soney C George, Sam John, Sreelakshmi Rajeevan, Polymer Nanocomposites in Supercapacitors, 2023
Ekta Jagtiani, Manishkumar D. Yadav
Other conductors, such as PPV and PPy, can also be explored in case of situ polymerization as well. According to a recent research, in situ polymerization of polypyrrole and polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) resulted in the production of leading composite films composed of nanocellulose and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). It has an electrical conductivity of 10.55 S/cm and a specific capacity of 315.5 F/g (Dong et al., 2017). Additionally, PEDOT:PSS-PPy nanopapers were more flexible than polypyrrole nanopapers (Dong et al., 2017). Numerous studies have been conducted to develop electric composites with superior electrochemical and mechanical characteristics by combining conductive polymers like PANI, PPy and PPV with nanocellulose (Du et al., 2017; F. Liu, Luo et al., 2017). Acidic environments are typically necessary for in situ polymerization of PPy and PANI in order to maximize their development and therefore generate well-dispersed conductive polymers in the nanocellulose substratum. Dodecylbenzenyl sulfonic acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are frequently employed for these applications (Dubal et al., 2018; Khosrozadeh et al., 2016; F. Liu, Luo et al., 2017). However, when coating conductive nanocellulose films to create high-power conductive nanocellulose films, it is not easy to find a suitable solvent that is compatible with the majority of the conductive polymers. At elevated temperatures, polymer thermal breakdown precludes the electrodeposition and coating of conduction polymers on nanocellulose films. Thus, the most often used technique for integrating conductive polymers into nanocellulose hybrids is in situ polymerization (E. Feng et al., 2017; Hu et al., 2013). Nonetheless, one disadvantage of in situ polymerization is the associated environmental concerns and complexity of the procedures owing to the multiple stage reactions along with usage of hazardous solvents. A simple filtering procedure may also be used to produce nanocellulose-based composite membrane electrodes (Khosrozadeh, Darabi et al., 2015; Khosrozadeh et al., 2016; F. Liu, Luo et al., 2017) with conducting components added by in situ polymerization or mixing. After combining the conductive nanocellulose solvent component or suspension and transferring it to to a filtering system, where the liquids pass through the filter, a correctly mixed nanocellulose composite membrane or conductive material is left behind on it (Khosrozadeh, Xing et al., 2015).
Metal doped polyaniline as neuromorphic circuit elements for in-materia computing
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2023
R. Higuchi, S. Lilak, H. O. Sillin, T. Tsuruoka, M. Kunitake, T. Nakayama, J. K. Gimzewski, A. Z. Stieg
A representative I-V curve for the Type-I Ag/PANI-Cu2+/Pt device architecture (see Figure 2(a)) shown in Figure 2(b) demonstrates switching between high conductance (ON) and low conductance (OFF) states. The voltages required to switch between the ON and OFF states, the SET voltage (VSET), were 0.34 and −0.56 V, respectively. An average ON/OFF conductance ratio for Type-I devices of 16.0 was observed across 30 samples within the calculated standard deviation. Use of in situ polymerization process allows for control of film composition, morphology, and thickness by simple tuning of the synthetic conditions. For example, the initial concentration of metal ions used during film formation was found to affect the switching characteristics. For example, a ratio of ~ 1500 for ON/OFF states was achieved for Type-I by changing the initial concentration of the aniline precursor and metal dopants (Figure S2).