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Tobacco Products
Published in Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. Lichtveld, Environmental Policy and Public Health, 2017
Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Water pipes, while methodologically different from traditional tobacco pipes, present their own set of health concerns for smokers. In particular, while many hookah smokers may consider this practice less harmful than smoking cigarettes, hookah smoking carries many of the same health risks as cigarettes. The CDC has determined the cancer risks of hookah smoking as follows [12]:
Chemical characterization of nanoparticles and volatiles present in mainstream hookah smoke
Published in Aerosol Science and Technology, 2019
Véronique Perraud, Michael J. Lawler, Kurtis T. Malecha, Rebecca M. Johnson, David A. Herman, Norbert Staimer, Michael T. Kleinman, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, James N. Smith
Waterpipe smoking (also known as narghile or hookah depending on cultural traditions) is a way of smoking tobacco in which air is passed over heated charcoal, which transfers its thermal energy to the tobacco located in the head of the hookah underneath the charcoal, producing smoke. The smoke, composed of both charcoal burning products and compounds released from the heated tobacco, is entrained down the stem of the waterpipe and bubbles through water by the action of puffing on the waterpipe hose before being inhaled by the smoker. The attraction for this mode of smoking tobacco is driven by the variety of available tobacco flavors, the absence of visible side-stream smoke, the social aspect of smoking in group, the misconception that waterpipe smoking is less harmful than smoking cigarettes due to the possible filtration effects provided by the water, and the prevalence of advertised nicotine-free tobacco (Akl et al. 2013; Aljarrah, Ababneh, and Al-Delaimy 2009; Salloum et al. 2015).