China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Emergence of Nanovesicular Systems for Topical Delivery of Natural Bioactives
Published in Bhupinder Singh, Om Prakash Katare, Eliana B. Souto, NanoAgroceuticals & NanoPhytoChemicals, 2018
Gajanand Sharma, Kanika Thakur, Akanksha Mahajan, Guneet Singh Randhawa, Bhupinder Singh, Om Prakash Katare
Microemulsions (MEs) are clear, isotropic monophasic systems, composed of two immiscible liquids and characterized by low interfacial tension. MEs have the ability to improve topical delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties compared with the conventional vehicles (Date and Patravale, 2007; Boonme et al., 2016). The presence of a permeation enhancer as a formulation component and small globule size make MEs as exceptional carriers for promoting in vitro skin permeation (Benigni et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2018). The ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and rhizome was incorporated into the ME carrier system, and the results suggested that the MEs possesses 13-fold higher ex vivo antioxidant capacity than with the extract solution (Mostafa et al., 2014). Hesperetin, a flavonoid, possesses anti-inflammatory, UV-protective, and antioxidant effects. Hesperetin-loaded MEs were formulated by Tsai et al. (2010) to overcome its permeation issues. The hesperetin-loaded MEs exhibited enhanced skin permeation vis-à-vis hesperetin solution. During pharmacodynamic studies, significant topical whitening effect was observed, indicating that the hesperetin-loaded ME could be an efficient whitening agent (Tsai et al., 2010).
Nanophytochemicals in Cancer Therapy
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Lucindo José Quintans Júnior, Nagamony Ponpandian, Nanophytomedicine, 2023
Madhumitha Kedhari Sundaram, Asha Inbanathan, Arif Hussain
Hesperetin is a flavonoid found mainly in citrus fruits (Erlund, 2004). Hesperetin was seen to have anticancer effects on colon cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and prostate cancer (Aranganathan and Nalini, 2013). Hesperetin nanoparticles were seen to exert antiproliferative, proapoptotic and antimigratory effects in colon cancer and leukaemia cells as well as in cancer mice models (Krishnan et al., 2017; Mary Lazer et al., 2018; Ersoz et al., 2019; Sheokand, Navik and Bansal, 2019; Trendafilova et al., 2020). These effects were associated with molecular changes including modulation of NF- κB, TNF-α, apoptotic, inflammation and oxidative stress regulatory genes.
Flavonoids for Designing Metal Nanoparticles and Their Applications
Published in Cristobal N. Aguilar, Suresh C. Ameta, A. K. Haghi, Green Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2019
Divya Mandial, Rajpreet Kaur, Poonam Khullar
AuNPs can also be prepared using citrus flavonoids as reductants. Hesperidin, hesperetin, rutin, narengenin, quercetin, and diosmin have been successfully reported to be responsible for both reduction and stabilization of AuNPs in alkali medium.9 Hesperetin and its glycoside from hesperidin, naturally occurs in peels of lemon and oranges and displays anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, antitumor, antihypertensive, anti-oxidants, antifungal, antiallergic, antidepressive, neuro-protective, and improves memory and learning, therefore a multifunctional flavanoid.10 The appearance of localized surface Plasmon resonance band (LSPR) at 520-550 nm UV-visible spectra showed diosmin and hesperetin to be effectively producing homogeneous AuNPs, whereas quercetin and rutin were able to reduce Gold ions without stabilizing them. Hesperidin could not synthesize AuNPs. The size of HtAuNPs as measured from dynamic light scattering technique (DLS) showed the particles up to 22 nm whereas size, as measured from transmission electron microscope (TEM), showed the size of 15 nm. This may be due to TEM recording only the Au core whereas DLS measuring the surface chemisorption of Hesperetin in addition to Au core. The crystalline nature of HtAuNPs was confirmed by selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis. The diffraction rings were assigned to (111), (200), (220), (311), and (222) planes of face-centered cubic (FCC). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) displayed the binding energy of Au 4f 84.38 and 88.07 eV with spin-orbit splitting of 3.68 eV and area ratio of 0.7 which is in agreement with literature values of pure metallic gold.11 Also, there are minor contributions of Au1+ and Au3+. The data favors O-Au binding. The spectrum also shows the appearance of C, O, Na, Cl, Si peaks in addition to Au peaks. The C 1s envelope of hesperetin and hesperetin mediated Au particles as deposited on Si.
Hesperetin upregulates Fas/FasL expression and potentiates the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil in rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2020
Merna G. Aboismaiel, Mohamed El-Mesery, Amro El-Karef, Mamdouh M. El-Shishtawy
Hesperetin (HST) is a major flavonoid in citrus fruits. HST is present in nature as its glycosidic form, hesperidin. Yet, hesperidin from the diet undergoes deglycosylation into HST by bacteria of the intestine before being absorbed [15,16]. Studies showed that HST possesses powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [17]. Many researches revealed that HST can suppress proliferation or induce apoptosis in different cancer cells in vitro, as colon, breast, prostate, cervical and liver cancer cells [18,19]. However, the exact mechanism for HST-mediated antitumor effect in HCC in vivo was not fully understood.
Anti-glycation effect and the α-amylase, lipase, and α-glycosidase inhibition properties of a polyphenolic fraction derived from citrus wastes
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2020
Annayara C. F. Fernandes, Ádina L. Santana, Isabela M. Martins, Debora K. T. Moreira, Juliana A. Macedo, Gabriela A. Macedo
The agroindustrial wastes of citrus have been considered a low cost and feasible source of flavonoids, a class of polyphenols associated with strong antioxidant activity. The flavonoids detected in the extracts of citrus wastes are composed of naringin, hesperidin, naringenin, and hesperitin.[14,15]