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Biodegradability and Biocompatibility of Natural Polymers
Published in Amit Kumar Nayak, Md Saquib Hasnain, Dilipkumar Pal, Natural Polymers for Pharmaceutical Applications, 2019
Abul K. Mallik, Md Shahruzzaman, Md Sazedul Islam, Papia Haque, Mohammed Mizanur Rahman
Gum Arabic, also known as acacia gum, is obtained from various species of the acacia trees. It is a natural gum consisting of a variable mixture of arabinogalactan oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoproteins. β(1→3) and β(1→6)-linked D-galactose units along with β(1→6)-linked D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid units are the foundations of the main chain of this polysaccharide. Gum Arabic shows emulsification, encapsulation, and film-forming properties due to its high water solubility (up to 50% w/v) and relatively low viscosity characteristics (Izydorczyk et al., 2005). Gum Arabic is biocompatible in nature, and for that reason, this polymer has been tested by several groups (Wilson Jr. et al., 2008) for the surface modification of magnetic nanoparticles for different applications.
List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
Gum arabic, also known as gum acacia, chaar gund, or char goond, is a natural gum made of hardened sap taken from two species of the acacia tree— A. senegaland A. seyal.Gum arabic is a natural product of the A. senegaltree, occurring as an exudate from the trunks and branches. It is used primarily in the food industry as a stabilizer, but has had more varied uses. It is normally collected by hand when dried, when it resembles a hard, amber-like resin normally referred to as “tears.” Gum arabic is widely used in the food industry, as an emulsifier, thickener, and flavor enhancer. It is employed as a soothing agent in inflammatory conditions of the respiratory, digestive, and urinary tract, and is useful in diarrhea and dysentery. It exerts a soothing influence on all the surfaces with which it comes in contact. Gum acacia is an ingredient of all the official Trochisci, and various syrups, pastes, and pastilles or jujubes. During the time of the gum harvest, the Moors of the desert are said to live almost entirely on it, and it has been proved that 6 oz is sufficient to support an adult for 24 h. Gum acacia is a mixture of saccharides and glycoproteins, is highly nutritious, and provides the properties of a glue, and a binder suitable for human consumption. In many cases of disease, it is considered that a solution of gum arabic may, for a time,constitute the exclusive drink and food of the patient. Gum arabic reduces the surface tension of liquids, which leads to increased fizzing in carbonated drinks.
Bionanocomposites in Water and Wastewater Treatment
Published in Shakeel Ahmed, Saiqa Ikram, Suvardhan Kanchi, Krishna Bisetty, Biocomposites, 2018
Gulshan Singh, Deepali Sharma, Thor Axel Stenstrom
Gum Arabic is the exudate of Acacia tree bark and has a complex structure. The main chain of this polysaccharides consists of (1^3) and (1^6)-linked ^-D-galactopyranosyl units along with (1^6)-linked ^-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid units. Gum Arabic is highly soluble in water and with low viscosity as compared to other exudate gums. The complex branched structure and low molecular weight contribute to different attributes of this polysaccharide, such as being surface active and with a capability to stabilize oil-in-water emulsion.
Effect of modified starches and gum arabic on the stability of carotenoids in paprika oleoresin microparticles
Published in Drying Technology, 2021
Ana Gabriela da Silva Anthero, Eveling Oliveira Bezerra, Talita Aline Comunian, Fernanda Ramalho Procópio, Miriam Dupas Hubinger
Among the various emulsifiers, carbohydrates, such as gum arabic and modified starches, are widely applied as encapsulant agents for hydrophobic compounds. Gum arabic consists mainly of high molecular weight polysaccharide (D-galactopyranose, L-rhamnose, L-arabinofuranose, and D-galacturonic acid) with protein fractions (arabinogalactan-protein). This hydrocolloid presents high water solubility, capability of forming films and good emulsifying properties as it is widely used to stabilize emulsion containing pigments, flavors, and oils.[11–13] An interesting study demonstrated good protection against carotenoid degradation at 25 °C that was promoted by a blend of gum arabic and maltodextrin (1:1) under water activity between 0.2 and 0.3[14] and good carotenoid retention in powder containing carrot juice.[15]
Gum Arabic as corrosion inhibitor in the oil industry: experimental and theoretical studies
Published in Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 2019
Chen Shen, Victor Alvarez, Josh D. B. Koenig, Jing-Li Luo
Gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal, GA), one of the oldest and most common natural gums, can be obtained from various species of Acacia trees [25]. Owing to the cost effectiveness, non-toxicity and biocompatibility, GA is widely used in the food and paint industries as a stabiliser, emulsifier and viscosity control. GA is a polydisperse molecule formed by a disc arabinogalactan component (AGC) joined to an arabinogalactan protein. The AGC is a highly branched complex polysaccharide structure containing 1,3-linked β-d-galactopyranosyl units with 1,6-linked β-d-galactopyranosyl side chains to which there are linked many rhamnose, arabinose, galactose and glucoronic acid residues [26,27]. The highly branched structure of GA leads to a relatively small hydrodynamic volume, allowing for more functional groups to adsorb on the metal surface. The potential of GA as a corrosion inhibitor has been investigated under acidic and alkaline mediums [28,29]. However, the application of GA as a corrosion inhibitor in oil-field brine conditions has rarely been reported.
Insights for the control of dried-fruit beetle Carpophilus hemipterus (Nitidulidae) using rosemary essential oil loaded in chitosan nanoparticles
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2022
Abir Soltani, Soumaya Haouel-Hamdi, Insaf Sadraoui Ajmi, Tasnim Djebbi, Maha Ben Abada, Islem Yangui, Nahed Chouachi, Khaoula Hassine, Hatem Majdoub, Chokri Messaoud, Jouda Mediouni Ben Jemâa
Characteristics of the core material R. officinalis essential oil and the wall material chitosan and gum Arabic were reported in Figure 2. Gum Arabic is a mixture of complex glycoproteins and polysaccharide, negatively charged. And since chitosan is a linear polymer of −1, 4-glucosamine positively charged, which can intuitively bind strongly to the negative charge. The images at 40X and 60X of chitosan nonoparticles and rosemary essential oil loaded into chitosan showed that the nanoparticles had a spherical morphology. The droplet of R. officinalis concentrated in the center of nanoparticles and surrounding by the membrane.