China 
Africa 
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Tasty and toxic – a culinary risk dilemma
Published in Charlotte Fabiansson, Stefan Fabiansson, Food and the Risk Society, 2016
Charlotte Fabiansson, Stefan Fabiansson
Since the initial discovery, acrylamide has been found at varying levels in a wide range of cooked foods, especially potato crisps and French fries, bread and baked cereal products, and roasted and ground coffee (European Food Safety Authority 2012b). Swiss scientists also detected considerable levels of acrylamide in dried fruits (Amrein et al. 2007). Acrylamide is rapidly metabolised in the human body to the even more toxic glycidamide (Gamboa da Costa et al. 2003; Vikström et al. 2011).
Learning, memory deficits, and impaired neuronal maturation attributed to acrylamide
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2018
Seulah Lee, Hee Ra Park, Joo Yeon Lee, Jung-Hyun Cho, Hye Min Song, Ah Hyun Kim, Wonjong Lee, Yujeong Lee, Seung-Cheol Chang, Hyung Sik Kim, Jaewon Lee
Acrylamide was reported to initiate toxicities in various in vivo studies. Besaratinia and Pfeifer (2005) noted that ACR exerted DNA damaging and mutagenic effects. In fact, ACR and its major metabolite glycidamide interact directly and indirectly with DNA to form DNA adducts, and ACR was found to increase mutation frequencies in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Besaratinia and Pfeifer 2003; Syberg et al. 2015), and induce clastogenesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells (Exon 2006). ACR was reported to disrupt the reproductive system and possibly induce tumorigenesis (Dearfield et al. 1995). Bull et al. (1984) demonstrated that ACR exposure significantly elevated the number of lung adenomas in A/J mice, while Shipp et al. (2006) observed a rise in tumor incidence in several organs in F344 rats exposed to ACR in drinking water. Wang et al. (2010) showed that administration of 0.5–10 mg/kg/day of ACR retarded the growth of rats and decreased sperm counts resulting in disruption of the reproductive system. Ali et al. (1983) demonstrated that intraperitoneal (ip) injection of ACR at 20 mg/kg/day to male rats reduced serum testosterone and prolactin levels.