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Nanophytochemicals in Cancer Therapy
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Lucindo José Quintans Júnior, Nagamony Ponpandian, Nanophytomedicine, 2023
Madhumitha Kedhari Sundaram, Asha Inbanathan, Arif Hussain
Genistein is a soy iso-flavonoid that occurs in fava beans and soy products (Huang et al., 2019). Genistein is an effective anticancer agent that can modulate various signalling pathways and epigenetic pathways that regulate proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and migration as demonstrated in cervical cancer (Sundaram et al., 2018; Sundaram, Unni et al., 2019). Genistein nanoparticles were seen to exert antiproliferative, proapoptotic and antimigratory effects in various cancer cells such as ovarian, breast, leukaemia, lung and prostate cancer cells (Mittal et al., 2019; Sacko, Thangavel and Shoyele, 2019; Tian et al., 2019; Goorbandi, Mohammadi and Malekzadeh, 2020; Kamel et al., 2019; Shukla et al., 2020). These effects were associated with molecular changes including down-regulation of Akt/HIF1α/VEGF signalling, MCL-1, DNMT3B, VEGF, MMP2 and MMP-9. Genistein nanoparticles also induced apoptosis and autophagy via modulating endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels and increased H2O2 production in colon cancer cells (Pool et al., 2018).
Polyphenol Nanoformulations for Cancer Therapy: Role of Milk Components
Published in Lohith Kumar Dasarahally-Huligowda, Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Nanotechnology Applications in Dairy Science, 2019
Studies have also shown that catecin with pyrogallol moiety target electrophile-responsive element (EeRE). The caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) with two phenol hydroxyl groups inhibits xanthine oxidase by binding at molybdopterin region of the active site. The inhibitory activity is enhanced additionally with the substitution on one hydroxyl group with alkyl chain of the alcohol part.150 The existence of the hydroxyl groups at 4′ and 7′ position makes genistein hydrophobic, which contributes to its estrogenic activity, antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects.92 Similarly, the presence of hydroxyl groups at C3, C5, and 4′ positions of kaempferol contributes to its antioxidant activity.99
Nano Delivery of Antiviral Plant Bioactives as Cancer Therapeutics
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Haripriya Shanmugam, Badma Priya, Manickam Senguttuvan Swetha, Janani Semalaiyappan
Genistein, an isoflavone commonly present in soy products, is a phytoestrogen that has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. It has antiviral effects against a wide range of viruses like herpes virus, human papilloma virus, HIV, swine flu and can act synergistically along with other existing antiviral drugs like acyclovir and reduce their side effects (LeCher et al. 2019). It also hampers tyrosine phosphorylation, which is essential for various cellular processes. In this way, the viability of cancer cells is reduced; thus, genistein also acts as a potent anticancer bioactive (Chae et al. 2019).
Urinary Isoflavones Levels in Relation to Serum Thyroid Hormone Concentrations in Female and Male Adults in the U.S. General Population
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2021
Patricia A. Janulewicz, Jeffrey M. Carlson, Amelia K. Wesselink, Lauren A. Wise, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Lariah M. Edwards, Junenette L. Peters
Adverse health effects of genistein and daidzein, such as goitrogenic effects, have been well-documented in vitro (Divi and Doerge 1996; Divi et al. 1997; Dixon and Ferreira 2002). An animal study found synergism between high soybean intake and iodine deficiency on the development of thyroid hyperplasia in rats (Ikeda et al. 2000). A human study of infants who consumed soy formula observed an increased risk of goiter, and the condition reversed following iodine supplementation or a switch to cow’s milk (Doerge and Sheehan 2002). In a crossover study of individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism, soy phytoestrogen supplementation precipitated overt hypothyroidism (Sathyapalan et al. 2011). In an early review of 14 clinical trials, the majority of studies did not show anti-thyroid effects of soy isoflavones (Messina and Redmond 2006). However, a more recent study found a positive association between isoflavone consumption and TSH in post-menopausal women (Tonstad et al. 2016).
Recapitulate genistein for topical applications including nanotechnology delivery
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2022
Afroz Jahan, Juber Akhtar, Neha Jaiswal, Asad Ali, Usama Ahmad
Genistein is a kind of isoflavone that may be found in both prunus and soybeans.[104] Genistein has been shown to have anti-skin oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-light damage, and anti-cancer properties, and might be utilized to treat a variety of inflammatory disorders in previous studies.[105,106]