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Performance and Potential Application
Published in Stephanie Fiorenza, Carroll L. Oubre, C. Herb Ward, M.K. Banks, R.S. Govindaraju, A.P. Schwab, P. Kulakow, J. Finn, Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil, 2020
Stephanie Fiorenza, Carroll L. Oubre, C. Herb Ward, M.K. Banks, R.S. Govindaraju, A.P. Schwab, P. Kulakow, J. Finn
The choice of plant species and establishment of active microbial communities appeared to be significant factors affecting treatment rates in the Craney Island field test. The extent of TPH degradation was not simply directly proportional to plant growth or root density. The clover species exhibited the greatest TPH degradation and yet had the lowest root and shoot biomass. Its roots were coarser and shallower than the other species. Optimum maintenance of the clover would have required more irrigation than the other species. One mechanism proposed for this in the final report of the field test was that dying clover roots provided a substrate that encouraged greater microbial activity and cometabolism of hydrocarbon contaminants. Thus, the species providing the highest degradation rate may not be the species with the highest growth rates or the species which performs best under low-maintenance conditions.
Soil
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Operators of at least one vineyard in the Napa Valley of California plant clover, oats, peas, and mustard as winter cover between the rows of vines. The clover and peas are legumes that fix atmospheric nitrogen and add to soil fertility. The crops are cut at the beginning of the summer growing season and the residues are left on the soil to prevent weed growth, reduce erosion, and add fertility. One interesting aspect of the system is that perches are provided in the vineyards to attract hawks and owls that prey on rodents that live in the cut plant residues.
Soil: Earth’s Lifeline
Published in Stanley Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2017
Operators of at least one vineyard in the Napa Valley of California plant clover, oats, peas, and mustard as winter cover between the rows of vines. The clover and peas are legumes that fix atmospheric nitrogen and add to soil fertility. The crops are cut at the beginning of the summer growing season and the residues are left on the soil to prevent weed growth, reduce erosion, and add fertility. One interesting aspect of the system is that perches are provided in the vineyards to attract hawks and owls that prey on rodents that live in the cut plant residues.
Co-culture between Miscanthus x giganteus and Trifolium repens L. to enhance microbial activity, biomass and density in a PAH contaminated technosol
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Laura Wechtler, Jaïro Falla-Angel, Antoine Bonnefoy, Philippe Laval-Gilly
The plant species selected to establish a co-culture with MxG is Trifolium repens L. (white clover). White clover is a nitrogen-fixing legume that can be used for PAHs rhizodegradation (Xu et al. 2006, 2009; Meng et al. 2011) and trace metal phytostabilization (Bidar et al. 2007). Moreover, many studies showed an increase of PAHs dissipation when white clover was associated with other plant species such as Zea mays (Xu et al. 2006), Apium graveolens, or Lolium perenne (Meng et al. 2011). Another reason for choosing white clover is its small size, which should not interfere with the MxG harvest and neither enter in competition for light.