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paniculata (C.B. Clarke) Munir Leaves on Various Gastric Aggressive Factors
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
P. S. Sreeja, K. Arunachalam, Parimelazhagan Thangaraj
Therefore, the gastric acid secretion is controlled through the interaction of three processes: (1) neural stimulation via the vagus nerve with the release of acetylcholine; (2) endocrine stimulation by the gastrin; and (3) paracrine regulation, promoted by the local release of histamine (Jain et al. 2007).
A study on chitosan-coated liposomes as a carrier of bovine serum albumin as oral protein drug
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2021
In recent years, with the continuous development of biotechnology, biochemistry and molecular biology, a large number of protein drugs such as hormones and vaccines have been used for disease prevention and disease treatment. Compared with traditional chemical synthetic drugs, protein drugs have advantages of less toxic, high pharmacological activity and easy absorption.[1–4] However, the biological activity of protein drugs is closely related to their complex spatial structure, which is usually destroyed by some extreme environmental factors, resulting in denaturation of proteins. For example, most proteins are easily degraded by gastric acid and proteolytic enzymes in gastrointestinal tract. Meanwhile it is also difficult to transport peptides through blood-brain barrier to brain and nervous system.[5–8] Therefore, it is in demand to develop a new effective dosage form of protein drugs that exhibits sustained release effect and good stability with nontoxic side effects.
Effect of fluoride varnish on glass ionomer microhardness changes in endogenous acid erosion challenge
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2021
Fatemeh Moharramkhani, Ladan Ranjbar Omrani, Mahdi Abbasi, Mohammad Javad Kharrazifard, Elham Ahmadi
Previous studies on the protective effect of fluoride on erosion of glass ionomers following exposure to exogenous acids have reported controversial results [17,21] due to differences in erosion cycles and protocols, pH of acids, type of acids, duration of erosion and different types of fluoride products used. No study was found on the protective effect of fluoride on wear of glass ionomers following exposure to gastric acid. However, Cengiz et al. [19] assessed the effect of gastric acid on laboratory composites, Zaki et al. [22] assessed the effect of gastric acid on different glass ionomers and composites and Sulaiman et al. [10] assessed its effect on monolithic zirconia. The aforementioned studies used hydrochloric acid to simulate gastric acid with a pH range of 1.2 [23] to 3.8 [22]. In addition to hydrochloric acid, gastric acid contains different enzymes, such as pepsin with proteolytic properties that can degrade the collagen [24]. The results of studies regarding the aggravating effect of pepsin on dentin erosion are controversial [25,26]. A previous study showed significantly higher amounts of pepsin, trypsin and amylase in the saliva of patients with chemical erosion caused by endogenous acids, compared with normal individuals [26].
Mechanisms underlying the healing potentials of the methanol extract of Chasmanthera dependens stem on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2021
Abiola Stephanie Tijani, Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi, Samuel Babafemi Olaleye
The PGE2 has been reported to play a crucial role in gastric ulcer healing by acting as an effective vasodilator, by increasing the release of mucus and bicarbonate and inhibiting gastric acid secretion [48,49]. Increased gastric PGE2 level could downregulate inflammatory mediators, thus promoting gastric ulcer healing. In this study, the significant decrease in PGE2 level in the IND alone group is in line with the previous study [45]. However, post-treatment with MECD stem increases the PGE2, suggesting that the healing potential of MECD stem could be linked to the improved synthesis of functional PGE2. Cimetidine also showed an appreciable enhancement of the PGE2 level.