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Application of Green Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatments
Published in Shrikaant Kulkarni, Ann Rose Abraham, A. K. Haghi, Renewable Materials and Green Technology Products, 2021
Remya Vijayan, Sijo Francis, Beena Mathew
Fenton’s reagent oxidation is a catalytic oxidation process, which involves a mixture of strong chemical oxidizer (hydrogen peroxide), ferrous ions as a catalyst, and an acid as an optimum pH adjuster. The Fenton process was reported by Fenton for maleic acid oxidation.19 Fenton’s process is an easy way to generate hydroxyl radicals without any special apparatus and chemicals and takes place at ambient temperature and pressure. This is a simple method for oxidation, as hydrogen peroxide and iron salts are readily obtainable, easy to handle, and environmentally benign.20 The organic compounds are destructed by reacting with OH radicals.
Treatment of Pharmaceutical Industry Effluents
Published in Mihir Kumar Purkait, Piyal Mondal, Chang-Tang Chang, Treatment of Industrial Effluents, 2019
Mihir Kumar Purkait, Piyal Mondal, Chang-Tang Chang
Fenton’s reagent involves the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with ferrous or ferric ions via a free radical chain reaction that produces hydroxyl radicals. It is a heterogeneous catalytic reaction in which iron acts as a catalyst (Alaton et al., 2004). Since iron is an abundant element, this process is most viable for effluent treatment. Recent research has shown the use of Fenton oxidation capable of reducing a load of refractory effluents to being less toxic and more readily amenable to biological posttreatment (Kulik et al., 2008). More than 95% COD removal was observed in a pharmaceutical effluent containing chloramphenicol, paracetamol, and COD of ∼12,000 mg/L (Badawy and Wahaab, 2009). Penicillin was completely eliminated after 40 min of advanced oxidation with Fenton/UV treatment (Alaton et al., 2004). However, Fenton processes suffer a major drawback of pH dependency and a lot of iron sludge being generated. The Fenton process can be best applied as a pretreatment technology to convert the nonbiodegradable pharmaceutical effluent into biodegradable and thus make treatment of the effluent by biological process more efficient.
Groundwater Remediation
Published in Kathleen Sellers, Fundamentals of Hazardous Waste Site Remediation, 2018
Fenton’s reagent has been used to treat groundwater and NAPL residuals in situ. As described in Section 3.4.3.2, Fenton’s reagent is a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and a metal catalyst, such as iron, which generates a free radical that can oxidize organic contaminants. GEO-CARE, INC. has developed the Geo-Cleanse® process based on Fenton’s chemistry. The vendor claims that the process has been used to successfully remediate TCE and methylene chloride residuals in clay and silty clay, as well as BTEX and phthalates at other sites.182,184
Synthesis of the MnO2-Fe3O4 catalyst support on amorphous silica: a new Fenton’s reagent in the degradation of the reactive blue-19 in aqueous solution
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2023
Nguyen Manh Ha, Tran Thi Huong, Ninh The Son
Nowadays, the fashion business has a great development, which may contribute to textile dye development faster. Thereby, dye chemicals have higher color stability under the light. However, wastewater from the dye industry will be more difficult to be handled. Among modern treatment technologies, the application of Fenton or like-Fenton has been introduced as an effective treatment.[1] Fenton’s reagent is a solution that includes ferrous iron as a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is used to oxidize contaminants or wastewater as part of an advanced oxidation process. It was developed in the 1890s by H. J. H. Fenton as an analytical reagent.[2] Recently, Fenton’s reagent has been also applied to degrade organic pollution in wastewater,[3,4] especially color materials, such as methyl orange,[5] methylene blue,[6,7] textile dye,[5,8] or other pollutants.[9–12]
Current status of soil and groundwater remediation technologies in Taiwan
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021
The Fenton’s reagent uses hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron salts as a catalyst to react with one another. The reaction yields hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which are highly reactive and oxidize contaminants of soil or groundwater, such as chlorinated solvents. Due to the precipitating properties of iron the pH-level of the medium usually has to be decreased, which may have an adverse impact on the ecology. Ozone is a gaseous fluid that only leaves dioxygen (O2) behind after treatment. Unfortunately, this oxidant also reacts easily with other chemicals that are not considered as contaminants. The compounds permanganate (KMnO4) and sodium permanganate (NaMnO4) have a lower reaction time, contributing in penetration of more volume of the medium and further spread. Sodium persulfate Na2S2O8 has high solubility and leaves only a small amount of residual compounds. When applying to soil or groundwater, sodium persulfate is activated to derive the cation sulfate radical SO4¯, which reacts with many contaminants. Persulfate is persistent in soil and less harmful to microorganisms present at the site.
Comparison of Fenton process and adsorption method for treatment of industrial container and drum cleaning industry wastewater
Published in Environmental Technology, 2018
Elçin Güneş, Deniz İzlen Çifçi, Suna Özden Çelik
The treatment of such complex wastewaters is typically via chemical and biological treatment. These processes do not produce satisfactory results when used on this industrial wastewater with large amounts of non-biodegradable organic compounds that are resistant to biological treatment [3]. However, in general, the treated wastewater still cannot be safely discharged into the centralized wastewater treatment facility [4]. Several methods are developed for the removal of toxic organics from industrial wastewaters. These techniques include advanced oxidation processes and adsorption processes [5]. The oxidation system based on Fenton’s reagent has been used for the treatment of both organic and inorganic substances. Fenton oxidation has been used for different treatment processes because of its ease of operation, simplicity, and the possibility to work in a wide range of temperatures [6]. The oxidation process involves the reaction of Fe2+ salts with H2O2 to produce the hydroxyl radical (•OH) under acidic pH conditions [3]. Hydroxyl radicals are very powerful, effective, and nonspecific oxidizing agents, approximately 106 to 109 times more powerful than oxygen or ozone alone [7]. Strong oxidative •OH is produced and the ferrous ions are oxidized to ferric ions and ferric hydroxo complexes which accounts for the coagulation capability of Fenton’s reagents. Then suspended solids are precipitated out [8]. The •OH oxidizes organic compounds and thus causes chemical decomposition of these compounds. The Fenton process therefore has dual functions of oxidation and coagulation in the treatment process [8].