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Africa 
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Monitoring and Detection Equipment for Terrorist Agents
Published in Robert A. Burke, Counter-Terrorism for Emergency Responders, 2017
Explosive detection is a nondestructive inspection process to determine whether a container contains explosive material. Explosive detection is commonly used at airports, ports, and for border control. Acetone peroxide (TATP) is a powerful explosive that is easily made from common materials that can be purchased without suspicion. It is very difficult for bomb dogs and existing monitors to detect TATP. Ehud Keinan, a chemistry professor from Israel, has developed a device that detects peroxide explosives, called the Peroxide Explosive Tester (PET). The device looks like an oversized pen with three levers at one end and a removable rubber cap at the other. The cap has a stick surface designed to collect material; the levers release three solutions that wash over the cap when it is reattached to the PET. The first solution is an acid that breaks down TATP into acetone and hydrogen peroxide. The second solution contains a pigment that turns green when oxidized, and the third solution contains an enzyme that, when exposed to hydrogen peroxide, catalyzes oxidation in the pigment. PET is meant to be a cheap disposable device that will cost $10–15 once in the market.
Facile solvothermal syntheses of isostructural lanthanide(III) formates: Photocatalytic, photoluminescent chemosensing properties, and proficient precursors for metal oxide nanoparticles
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2021
Sidra Farid, Saima Ameen, Shahzad Sharif, Madiha Tariq, Israr Ahmad Kundi, Onur Sahin, Muhammd Hassan Sayyad, Islam Ullah Khan
Besides water security, homeland security is also important with sensitive and efficient methods for rapid detection of explosives needed. Sophisticated instrumental techniques like GCMS, Raman spectroscopy, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), and some simple approaches, including metal detectors and canines, are commonly used for explosive detection [31, 32]. Instrumental methods are expensive and challenging to use at onsite field testing; metal detectors are only suitable for metal containing explosive gadgets while canines are expensive, quickly exhausted and require proper care. Nitro-aromatics are compounds frequently used in explosives. Picric acid and trinitrotoluene are the two most common compounds of this class used in fireworks, rocket fuels, landmines, matches, dyes, pesticides, and many other commodities [33]. Picric acid is a more powerful explosive than trinitrotoluene and has a low safety coefficient. It can cause severe liver malfunction, respiratory disorders, dermatological issues, and many other chronic diseases [34]. Fluorescence sensing is the most sensitive, portable, cost-efficient method for nitro-aromatic detection and also requires simple instrumentation, facile sample preparation, and quick response.