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Selection and Improvement of Industrial Organisms for Biotechnological Applications
Published in Nduka Okafor, Benedict C. Okeke, Modern Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2017
Nduka Okafor, Benedict C. Okeke
Among secondary metabolites, increase in the production of existing antibiotics, and the production of new antibiotics and anti-tumor agents have been enabled by metabolic engineering. The transfer of genes from Streptomyces erythreus to S. lividans facilitated the production of erythromycin in the latter organism. In the field of anti-tumor drugs, epirubicin has less cardiotoxicity than others such as the more frequently prescribed doxorubicin. The chemical production of epirubicin is complicated and requires seven steps. However, using a metabolic engineering method in which the erythromycin biosynthetic gene was introduced into S. peucetius, it has been possible to produce it directly by fermentation.
Fourier Transform and Autoregressive HRV Features in Prediction and Classification of Breast Cancer
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Reema Shyamsunder Shukla, Yogender Aggarwal
A total of 129 BC subjects and age-matched 13 healthy controls have participated in the present study. Subjects with diabetes, cardiac illness history, fibroadenosis, hypertension, mental illness and infectious diseases have been excluded. Thus 114 subjects have finally evaluated including 12 subjects in ECOG0, 8 in ECOG1, 24 in ECOG2, 32 in ECOG3 and 38 in ECOG4. The demograph has been given in Table 1. Six subjects had family history of cancer. In surgery group, 15 subjects were of simple mastectomy, 31 of modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and 4 of lumpectomy. Different histopathological types are infiltrating ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma and Paget’s disease of nipple. The cancer has metastatised to lung, bone or liver which has been found in 7 subjects with 90–97% oxygen saturation. Different chemotherapeutic agents have been used including doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, 5-flurouracil, paclitaxel, docetaxel and epirubicin.
Surface modification of ureteral stents: development history, classification, function, and future developments
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Kaiguo Xia, Xudong Shen, Xiaojie Ang, Bingbing Hou, Yang Chen, Kaiping Zhang, Zongyao Hao
At present, the standard management for high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC）is radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision, but for low-risk patients, kidney-sparing surgery will become the main treatment [84]. However, the recurrence rate of the tumor after kidney-sparing surgery is relatively high, and the ureteral stent needs to be indwelled in the ureter for drainage after surgery, which may lead to the dissemination of tumor cells, and even lead to intravesical implantation metastasis. Based on the above considerations, some scholars have developed special degradable anti-tumor stents to overcome tumor recurrence and spread while maintaining smooth drainage. Epirubicin is an antibiotic anti-tumor drug that achieves an anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the synthesis of DNA and RNA and it is often used in the treatment of urothelial cancer.
Dual anticancer drug-loaded self-assembled nanomaterials delivery system for the treatment of prostate cancer
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2021
Combination therapy, involving co-drug delivery with two or more active agents or combination of several therapy techniques, has great benefits relative to individual agent therapy for cancer treatment [9–11]. They are very well known for signaling and addressing drug resistance in various pathways in cancerous cells with maximizing of clinical index. The most typical hybrid approach is the pharmaceutical therapeutic combination which is dependent on various chemotherapeutic drugs [12–14]. They have accountability, for instance, the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis for drugs including such anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOX) and epirubicin. Taxans including paclitaxel and docetaxel will disrupt the divided cancer cells. The rationale of combined therapy is alternative paths of action of these two types of chemotherapeutic agents [15–17].