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Thermal Physiology and Thermoregulation
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
NO's role in skin temperature regulation centers on its effects on the smaller arteries. It signals the vascular smooth muscle in the tunica media to relax, resulting in vasodilation and increased blood flow. This potent vasodilator plays a major role in establishing both whole-body and regional “vascular tone.” So prominent are its vasodilating effects that NO is also known as endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF). It is synthesized endogenously in essentially all tissues by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Synthesis of NO requires the amino acid L-arginine, oxygen, and various cofactors, notably NADPH.
Physiological and pathophysiological implications of hydrogen sulfide: a persuasion to change the fate of the dangerous molecule
Published in Journal of the Chinese Advanced Materials Society, 2018
Jan Mohammad Mir, Ram Charitra Maurya
The scientific community was thrilled when the final outcome of the puzzling endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), a vasorelaxant substance synthesized and secreted from endothelial cells, was a gaseous molecule.[43] The conclusion that NO is an endogenous gaseous molecule, termed gasotransmitter, triggered the exploration of other possible gasotransmitters, including CO and H2S.[28] With the advent of these small signaling gasotransmitters a new type of science related to endogenously derived gases could elicit crucial biological functions, as well as contribute to the pathogenesis of human diseases.[44] Several other gases are currently under investigation to determine if they too act as endogenous mediators, including acetaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, dinitrogen oxide and ammonia. Overall, these new insights have improved our understanding of biological essence of gasotransmitters not only in physiological functions, but also in the pathogenesis of human diseases.