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DLC Coating in Cutting Tools
Published in Peerawatt Nunthavarawong, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Suchart Siengchin, Kuniaki Dohda, Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings, 2023
J. Noshiro, S. Ueda, T. Funazuka, Kuniaki Dohda
DLC is an abbreviation for diamond-like carbon, a carbon film produced by gas-phase synthesis. It has been half a century since Aisenberg et al. announced DLC coating by ion beam deposition in 1971 [3]. It is now used in various fields such as automobiles, electrical and electronics, medicine, and daily necessities due to its excellent functions such as tribological properties, high hardness, chemical stability, high gas barrier properties, and optical properties.
Undoped Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon (ta-C) Thin Films for Biosensing
Published in Klaus D. Sattler, st Century Nanoscience – A Handbook, 2020
Anja Aarva, Miguel Caro, Tomi Laurila
Diamond-like carbon (DLC) is a metastable form of amorphous carbon characterized by its high fraction of sp3-bonded carbon atoms. This “diamond-likeness” arising from the sp3 bonded carbon atoms gives DLC many of its unique properties. Thus, applications of DLC include a wide range of fields, such as machine parts, biomedical coatings, microelectromechanical (MEMS) devices, sunglasses and so forth [1–5]. DLC is also a promising bioelectrode material owing to its several attractive electrochemical properties, such as (i) chemical inertness and the resulting (ii) wide potential window as well as (iii) low background current. Thus, DLC has been used recently in several analytical applications ranging from biomolecule detection [1–4] to trace analysis of heavy metals [5]. The basic electrochemical properties and response of DLC to several redox systems have been investigated [6–9] and also recently reviewed [10]. Many of the unique electrochemical properties of DLC originate from the specific structural features of the material in thin film form (thickness range from a few nanometers to a few tens of nanometers) as recently discussed in Ref. [11].
Biological Applications of Diamond
Published in James C Sung, Jianping Lin, Diamond Nanotechnology, 2019
Diamond-like carbons (DLC) is a carbon material, which in fact is not like crystalline diamond, not as hard, and is virtually amorphous. Because its microstructure allows the incorporation of other species such as hydrogen, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur, tungsten, titanium, and silver, the properties of DLC can be tailored far more readily than those of diamond.32 DLC is also a potential material for biological and biomedical applications due to its high hardness, low friction coefficient, high wear and corrosion resistance, chemical inertness, high electrical resistivity, infrared-transparency, high refractive index, excellent smoothness, and good biocompatibility.33 DLC can be produced by a number of techniques such as radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition,34 ion plating,35 pulsed laser deposition,36 magnetron sputtering.37
Surface Roughness Influence on Tribological Behavior of HiPIMS DLC Coatings
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2023
Sharjeel Ahmed Khan, João Oliveira, Fabio Ferreira, Nazanin Emami, Amilcar Ramalho
The effects of substrate (WC-Co) surface roughness on the tribological and load-bearing capacity of the DLC coating were studied. It can be concluded that:Surface roughness has a significant influence on the adhesion, COF, and wear rate of the DLC coating. With increasing surface smoothness, the load-bearing capacity of the DLC coatings improved significantly.The wear rate of DLC coatings and the counterbody increases rapidly with the increase in surface roughness.The poor surface quality in the As-rec sample restricts the formation or retention of a uniform transfer layer on the steel counterbody, which ultimately caused a higher COF and wear rate.For good tribological and adhesion performance of the coatings, adequate surface preparation is indispensable for realizing the expected tribological performance of DLC coatings, preferably to the M-pol or at least R-pol substrate.Further studies on the influence of surface roughness of cemented carbide substrate on tribological properties of DLC coatings could be carried out in a lubricating environment using commercial coolants employed in cutting and forming tools industry.
DLC (H) coated 13Cr SMSS by high-pulsed power CVD technique
Published in Surface Engineering, 2021
Yukun Zhang, Dongxu Chen, Hongyun Deng, Jilong Qi, Kaice Zhang, Zhe Lv, Tao Zhang, Peng Gao, Yanwen Zhou
13Cr supermartensitic stainless steel (SMSS), with a less than 0.03% carbon [1], a yield strength of 500–850 MPa, a tensile strength of 780–1000 MPa, an elongation of 12%, and impact energy of 50 J [2], is typically used for an oil pipeline in deep and ultradeep wells. Such usage requires impact toughness, yield strength, low friction coefficient, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance to protect it from washing by mud/sand and corrosion by sulphides in crude oil. The strength and toughness of steel can be controlled by quenching, tempering, and quenching and partitioning treatments [3–5]. The requirements for the tribological properties of pipeline materials have become much more intensive due to the harsher oil extraction and transportation environment today. DLC is a type of amorphous carbon between diamond and graphite. It demonstrates a low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, high hardness, chemical inertness, hydrophobicity, and excellent corrosion resistance[6–8]. The friction coefficient of DLC films can be as low as 0.1–0.15 [9]. DLC films are usually used as hard and solid lubricating coatings for tools and anti-friction and anti-corrosion films for electromagnetic parts. In other words, Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were able to enhance the tribological properties of the inner surfaces of steel pipelines.
Biocoatings and additives as promising candidates for ultralow friction systems
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2021
Marcia Gabriely A. da Cruz, Tetyana M. Budnyak, Bruno V. M. Rodrigues, Serhiy Budnyk, Adam Slabon
Raman spectroscopy enables to estimate the chemical composition of the deposited carbon films with respect to sp2-hybridized carbon. Whereas graphite is known to have only one sharp peak at 1585 cm–1 (G peak), diamond exhibits only one peak at 1350 cm–1 (D peak) (58, 59). Although DLC can be fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, this approach involves low growth rates of the film and hazardous gaseous precursors, such as methane, acetylene, cyclohexane, ethene, ethane, and propane and their consecutive ionized forms. These hazardous substrates and intermediates, complex and energy-consuming synthesis process, i.e. CVD, do not render DLCs as environment-neutral material and cannot be considered as sustainable. For the fabrication of DLC as a sustainable coating by using Green Chemistry metrics, safe solution-based methods are hitherto required while simultaneously ensuring that the amount of waste is minimized or even completely prevented.