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Applications of TGA and DTA to Multicomponent Polymeric Systems Including Blends, IPNs, Composites
Published in Jose James, K.P. Pramoda, Sabu Thomas, Polymers and Multicomponent Polymeric Systems, 2019
Murugesan Shunmughanathan, Kasi Pitchumani
As a consequence, the plasticizer can be released completely before the dehydrochlorination actually started. This feature can be observed more clearly when the mass loss was plotted against temperature. It can be noted from Figure 4.9a that the maximum at the temperature vs. mass loss that marked the end of the plasticizer release step appeared after 33.5% of the initial mass was lost, which matched closely with the amount of DINCH plasticizer, included in the blend. It was also interesting to point out that the decomposition curves are displaced to much lower temperatures under CRTA conditions. The onset of the dehydrochlorination step appeared at the same temperature in both the blend and in pure PVC (Figure 4.9b) indicating that the decomposition of the PVC is unaffected by the inclusion of the plasticizer.
In vitro exposure to the next-generation plasticizer diisononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH): cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assessment in human cells
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2019
Ana Luísa Vasconcelos, Maria João Silva, Henriqueta Louro
Currently, approximately 6 million tons of plasticizers are used per year globally and phthalate esters account for 75% of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) utilized plasticizers. According to regulatory restrictions, safer alternatives to replace harmful phthalates are underway, including the employment of the chemical diisononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (Hexamoll® DINCH®). DINCH is a cyclohexanoate plasticizer applied as an additive to increase flexibility and elasticity of polymers (NICNAS- National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme 2012) and is the non-aromatic analog of diisononyl phthalate (DINP). Over the last decade, DINCH has been widely used as an alternative to phthalate plasticizers such as diethylhexyl phthalate (DEPH) (Schütze et al. 2012). The general applications of DINCH that involve human exposure include medical devices consisting of PVC as well as toys and childcare products as well as food packaging. Therefore, a change in the pattern of DINCH use has been reported, demonstrating a decrease in phthalates accompanied by an increasing incidence of non-phthalate plasticizers with a projected rise of 40% by 2022 (ECPI 2009, 2014; Sheikh and Beg 2019). It is noteworthy that the detection of DINCH and its secondary metabolites has been increasing in households and human specimens indicating that human exposure is also rising since its market introduction in 2002 (Fromme et al. 2016; Giovanoulis et al. 2016).