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Potentialities of Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Biofilm-Forming Bacteria
Published in Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed Abdul, Microbial Biofilms, 2020
Muhammad Bilal, Hira Munir, Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
Coumarins are derivatives that occur naturally in a wide range of biological functionalities such as vasodilatation, photosensitizing, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anti-inflammatory activities (Kalkhambkar et al., 2008). Lee et al. (2014b) documented that umbelliferone and coumarin showed potential activity against the development of biofilm formation by E. coli O157:H7. The biofilm-forming ability of E. coli has been reported to inhibit the use of coladonin (Lee et al., 2014b). Coumarins including esculin, esculetin, nodakenetin, and psoralen also result in the suppression of biofilm development of P. aeruginosa (Durig et al., 2010; Ding et al., 2011). Xanthohumol is a prenylated chalconoid that inhibits the adhesion and biofilm construction of S. aureus. It also leads to the inactivation of bacterial isolates in preformed biofilm due to destructing the integrity of the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacteria by inhibiting the lipid metabolism (Rozalski et al., 2013).
Polyphenol Nanoformulations for Cancer Therapy: Role of Milk Components
Published in Lohith Kumar Dasarahally-Huligowda, Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Nanotechnology Applications in Dairy Science, 2019
Coumarins are benzopyrone analogs with wide range on biological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, vasorelaxant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory.47 Umbelliprenin (7-farnesyloxy-coumarin), synthesized by Ferula plant species, has shown anticancer activity in different cancer cells lines (metastatic pigmented malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma), and in mouse skin tumor model. It showed inhibitory effects on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases, which play critical roles in cancer metastatic cascade, such as migration, angiogenesis, and invasiveness. Nanoencapsulated formulation of coumarin and its analogs showed mixed activity.
A DFT investigation of the influence of α,β unsaturation in chemical reactivity of coumarin and some hydroxy coumarins
Published in Tanmoy Chakraborty, Prabhat Ranjan, Anand Pandey, Computational Chemistry Methodology in Structural Biology and Materials Sciences, 2017
M. A. Jaseela, T. M. Suhara, K. Muraleedharan
Coumarins comprise a large class of compounds having different biological and chemical activities mainly found in the plant kingdom. These plants are widely distributed in tropical rain forests where several species are used in folk medicines [19]. Although this class of compounds is distributed in whole part of the plant, highest level is in fruits (e.g., Bilberry, Cloudberry), followed by the roots, stems and leaves. The occurrence of these compounds in diverse parts of the plant is dependent on environmental conditions and seasonal changes. However the well-known source of Coumarins is the higher plants with richest sources being in the family of Rutaceae, Fabiaceae, Umbelliferae [22], interestingly some of the important members in Coumarins have been discovered from microbial sources also, e.g., Novobiocin and Coumermycin from Streptomycets, and Aflatoxins from Aspergillus species [9,10].
The influence of UV light on the course of fluorescent enzyme assays
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
A. Samborski, P. Jankowski, R. Ostaszewski
Coumarins are nontoxic compounds that widely occur naturally in bacteria, plants, and fungi.[1,2] They are present in many natural sources such as essential oils, fruits, green tea, and other foods.[2] Coumarins play a primary role in plant nutrition and health.[3] Coumarin possesses an extensively conjugated system with electron-rich and charge transfer properties. The presence of the hydroxyl group in the 7-position of coumarin yields a highly fluorescent molecule whose derivatives are widely used as a fluorescence substrate[4] for serine and cysteine proteases[5] probes. Unfortunately, coumarin and its derivatives undergo photodimerization reaction (Scheme 1) upon UV light irradiation (<300 nm) in methanol, ethanol, and aqueous solutions.[6]
Protective effects and DNA repair induction of a coumarin-chalcone hybrid against genotoxicity induced by mutagens
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2022
Jefferson Hollanda Véras, Camila Regina Do Vale, Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão, Murilo Machado Dos Anjos, Clever Gomes Cardoso, Matheus Gabriel de Oliveira, José Realino de Paula, Guilherme Roberto de Oliveira, Carolina Ribeiro E Silva, Lee Chen-Chen
Another group of natural compounds with interesting biological activities are coumarins (2 H-chromen-2-one). These compounds are derived from phenolic compounds and are secondary metabolites widely present in plants, bacteria, and fungi (Srikrishna, Godugu, and Dubey 2018). Fused benzene and α-pyrone rings form their chemical structure, enabling coumarins to bind to many protein targets (Stefanachi et al. 2018). In addition to their natural occurrence, coumarins may also be synthesized in the lab. Several investigators reported the biological properties of these molecules, such as antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects (Charmforoshan et al. 2021; Hu et al. 2018). In addition, coumarins are potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers that might act in different pathways to protect cellular integrity (Araujo et al. 2021; Marques, Salles, and Maistro 2015; Nayeli et al. 2020; Stefanachi et al. 2018).
Luffa as a lignocellulosic material for fabrication of a new and green catalyst in promoting of coumarin and bis(indolyl)methane derivatives
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2020
Ali Kazemi Tabrizi, Habibollah Khademieslam, Amir Hooman Hemmasi, Behzad Bazyar, Sayyed Vahid Atghia
The best procedure for the preparation of coumarins is the one-pot condensation of various phenols with ethyl acetoacetate, which is known as Pechmann condensation. Some of the new reagents in synthesis of coumarins include; Ag supported on hydroxyapatite (HAp)-core–shell magnetic γ-Fe2O3 (γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Ag) (47), ammonium hydrogen sulfate supported sugarcane bagasse (AHS@CSCB) (48), magnetic nanoparticles functionalized ethane sulfonic acid (MNESA) (49), 1,1´-butylenebispyridinium hydrogen sulfate (50), ammonium hydrogen sulfate based ionic liquid immobilized on Na+–montmorillonite (AHS@MMT) (51), (±)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid (52), choline chloride/zinc chloride (ChCl.2ZnCl2) (53), zirconia-based heterogeneous catalysts (54). These protocols are useful, but some aspects of green chemistry have not been observed. For example, energy consumption for the preparation of γ-Fe2O3@HAp-Ag is high (some steps of catalyst preparation require 300 °C for 6 h) and the reaction times in the case of zirconia-based catalyst are long (20–170 min). Therefore, presenting new and green methods for coumarin synthesis is still one of the concerns of organic chemists.