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History of the Industrial Briquetting in Ferrous Metallurgy
Published in Aitber Bizhanov, Briquetting in Metallurgy, 2022
Acquaintance with briquetting could begin with reference to the most extensive modern information resource—to Wikipedia. But the curious reader would be disappointed. In the English account, the use of briquette in metallurgy is not paid attention at all, and in the Russian one there are only 15 lines on briquetting in ferrous metallurgy. On the Cambridge Dictionary website (https://dictionary.cambridge.org), the word briquette is explained as—a small block of coal dust or peat, used as fuel. There is no mention of metallurgical briquetting applications. Here reverberations of the Second World War are heard, when in England briquettes from a mixture of coal dust and cement, molded into blocks of 15 × 15 × 5 cm, were used for heating homes.
Biomass as a Source for Heat, Power and Chemicals
Published in Subhas K. Sikdar, Frank Princiotta, Advances in Carbon Management Technologies, 2021
Briquettes can be manufactured from many types of compacted biomass: Forest biomass, from waste wood factories (door, furniture, sawmill, etc., factories), industrial waste biomass, residual biomass urban, charcoal, etc.
By-Product Utilization
Published in B. K. Bala, Agro-Product Processing Technology, 2020
Briquettes are also called “smokeless fuel” and are a high calorific value product that can be easily transported and stored because of the increase of the density of biomass. Since briquettes are a nonpolluting solid fuel, they are competitive with coal with respect to calorific value. Briquetting technology using various waste materials is an alternative to address the modern world energy issues, as it is an efficient, cost-effective, technology that is easy to duplicate. For biomass to make a significant impact as fuel for rural communities, appropriate briquetting machines need to be developed.
Optimizing the mechanical properties of coal-fines briquettes produced with steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse as a binder
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2023
Lodewicus van der Westhuizen, Danie Diedericks, Guven Akdogan, Johann F. Görgens
Binders often represent the principal operating cost in briquetting operations (Tucker, Bosworth, and Kalb 1994). Low-cost binders are therefore of industrial importance, such as clays (e.g., bentonite) and petroleum by-products (tar and pitch), which have been successful in producing briquettes. Although these binders can produce mechanically strong briquettes, the clay binders will increase water swelling, thereby reducing the water resistance, and also increase the ash content of the briquettes, while the petroleum by-products present health risks and potential pollution (Zhang, Sun, and Xu 2018). Alternative binders for coal fines, ranging from polymers, such as starches, poly vinyl alcohol, and poly acrylic to organic waste materials, such as lignosulfonates, molasses, and lignocellulosic biomass, have therefore been considered (Botha et al. 2021; Leokaoke et al. 2018; Tabakaev et al. 2022).
Economical biobinders and their blends suitable for the production of coal briquettes, heat insulating materials and other industrial applications
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2022
Ayse Benk, Ali Delibaş, Abdullah Çoban
The optimum percentage of binder was 15% for producing briquettes of the highest strength from both coal and pumice. When the amount of binder above 15% was applied, it was difficult to release the briquettes from the mold, and we observed distorted briquette shapes during the curing stage at 170°C. Below this percentage, the strength of the briquettes was not sufficient. Therefore, 15% binder was accepted as the optimum binder percentage and kept constant in all the briquettes produced unless otherwise stated. Coal fines or pumice particles were weighed into a shallow dish, 15% of binder was added, and then mixing was continued until the entire coal fines or pumice particles were covered by the binder. Each time, a 100 g mixture containing 15% binder was prepared, and then 20 g from this mixture was put into the 2.2 cm diameter steel mold. A pressure of 140 MPa was applied to the mixture in the mold for 10–15 s by means of a closely fitting steel plunger under a hydraulic press. The pressure was then reduced smoothly to eject the briquette from the mold. The briquettes, in sets of five, were either heat-treated immediately or stored in vacuum desiccators to avoid undesired oxidation. We found that all the raw briquettes produced, either from coal fines or pumice particles, were very weak and would crumble or be distorted even with slight pressure between the fingers, so we handled them carefully. Hence, the briquetting itself produced only the potential for a later strengthening effect, rather than any initial strength. The Fig. 2 show coal briquettes and pumice bricks prepared.
Effect of inorganic and organic additives on coal combustion: a review
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2021
Altun, Hicyilmaz, and Kök (2001) investigated using thermogravimetric analysis methods (TG/DTG) the combustion properties of the Tuncbilek lignite coal with different binders. The blends were prepared using 11 different organic and inorganic binder materials. It was observed that some blend decreased the residue content at the end of the combustion period, whereas some blends increased the calorific values of the blends. Yildirim and Ozbayoglu (2004) investigated the binder effect of ammonium nitrohumate on briquetting coal fines. The influence of binder content, varying moisture content, nitrogen content, pressure, and heat treatment on briquette was studied. The study shows that with an increase in binder content there is a decrease in the mechanical strength because of the plasticity of the binder. Heat treatment on briquette improved its mechanical strength by removing sufficient moisture to increase the calorific value and also to increase the water resistance. Combustion properties of the briquette were improved with the use of ammonium nitrohumate as binder. Also, the authors concluded that the briquette combustion has no harmful emission in the environment and can be a cost-effective binder compared to other organic binders.