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Flame spray synthesis of visible light active nanocrystalline bismuth oxide based
Published in Matthew Laudon, Bart Romanowicz, 2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007, 2019
Kranthi Kumar Akurati, Andri Vital, Felix Reifler, Axel Ritter, Thomas Graule
As a precursor source of Bi, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3. 5H2O, purity>98.5%, Sigma Aldrich, Switzerland) was used by dissolved in water with 15 vol% HNO3. Barium acetate [Ba(CH3COO)2] was used as a precursor source for Ba and was dissolved in distilled water. The CED in this study is defined as the ratio of the total liquid precursor mixture plus acetylene-oxygen combustion enthalpy to the total gas flow in the system. Changing the combustion enthalpy density is associated with the variation of oxygen concentration (Lambda, λ) in the process. Lambda is defined as the ratio of the actual fuel-to-oxygen ratio of the reactants to the stoichiometric fuel-to-oxygen ratio.
Thin-Layer Chromatography
Published in Thomas J. Bruno, Paris D.N. Svoronos, CRC Handbook of Basic Tables for Chemical Analysis, 2020
Thomas J. Bruno, Paris D.N. Svoronos
A 1.7 % aqueous solution of basic bismuth nitrate in weak acids (tartaric, acetic) mixed with an aqueous potassium iodide or barium chloride (8 g/20 mL water) solution is sprayed on the plate to yield a variety of spots.
Advanced X-ray shielding and antibacterial smart multipurpose fabric impregnated with polygonal shaped bismuth oxide nanoparticles in carbon nanotubes via green synthesis
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2021
Sarika Verma, Medha Mili, Charu Sharma, Harsh Bajpai, Kunal Pal, Dilshad Qureshi, S. A. R. Hashmi, A. K. Srivastava
At the initial stage of reaction, i.e. at Time T = O, the chemical reaction is less vigorous. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, when dissolved in the water, produces bismuth (III) dihydroxonitrate and nitric acid, followed by the development of Bi(OH)3, which is essential for the growth of BiO crystallites. Thus, at the beginning of the chemical processing, it functioned as the foundation blocks for final products’ formation according to the chemical reaction (equation i). Further, at appropriate heating, Bi(OH)3 leads to the formation of Bi2O3 crystallites. In the aqueous acidic solution, the formed bismuth ions are readily hydrolyzed to form bismuth hydroxide, as reported in the literature. Thus, so-formed nitrate ions decompose into nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas during the dehydration process, as mentioned in the literature.
Visible light photocatalytic activity of Mn-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2020
Caroline Ponraj, G. Vinitha, Joseph Daniel
Citric acid gel combustion method was employed in the synthesis of BiFe1-xMnxO3 (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 & 0.10) nanoparticles. Nitrates of bismuth, iron, and manganese were used as precursors. Initially, required quantities of bismuth nitrate were dissolved in few drops of concentrated nitric acid. Later, to this solution iron nitrate and manganese nitrate followed by citric acid were added with continuous stirring. Stoichiometric ratio (1:1) was maintained between the metal ions and citric acid (fuel). The resultant solution mixture was stirred at 80°C to evaporate water and to form a gel with citric acid chelated metal ions. On further heating to 100°C, auto-ignition occurred resulting in nitrous oxides and carbon oxides emanated from the gel by giving char-colored dry powder. The powders were finely ground to make homogeneous distribution of metal cations in the citric acid chelates (gel precursor). The resultant powder was calcined at 600°C to make manganese substituted BiFeO3nanoparticles. The synthesis procedure is shown as a flowchart in Figure 3.
Synthesis of nanocrystalline bismuth oxide and its visible photocatalytic activity in the degradation of an organic dye
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2018
Saranya Ramachandran, Arumugam Sivasamy
Bi2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by a combustion method using urea as fuel. Bismuth nitrate (2 mmol) was dissolved in 20 mL of dilute nitric acid. To this solution urea (4 mmol) was added with constant stirring for 30 min. The resulting clear solution was then heated to 150 °C till all the water molecules get evaporated leaving behind a white gel. The gel was introduced into a muffle furnace pre-heated to 550 °C. Due to the urea assisted self-ignition, the white gel underwent combustion process and a voluminous fluffy yellow powder was obtained which was collected and sintered at 550 °C for 2 hrs. The obtained yellow powder was ground and stored in air tight containers for further use.