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Liquid and Crystal Nanomaterials for Water Remediation: Synthesis, Application and Environmental Fate
Published in Uma Shanker, Manviri Rani, Liquid and Crystal Nanomaterials for Water Pollutants Remediation, 2022
Jigneshkumar V. Rohit, Vaibhavkumar N. Mehta
For last many years, crystal NMs have also been used as an effective photo-catalyst to degrade/ remove toxic organic molecules (Table 1). In this connection, Rachna et al. used TiO2 NPs based zinc hexacyanoferrate (ZnHCF) framework for degradation of organic pollutants (acenaphthene, phenanthrene and fluorene) (Rachna et al. 2020). This developed method showed good efficiency and successfully removed 96% of acenaphthene, 95% of phenanthrene and 93% of fluorine from water samples. Similarly, Wang et al. prepared highly efficient nitrogen-doped carbon-coated cobalt (Co@NC) NPs for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (Wang et al. 2020). The method was able to reduce nearly 100% of pollutant 4-nitrophenol, which showed high capability developed NMs. Furthermore, Liu et al. synthesized flower-like CoFe2O4 NPs and used them as a sorbent to remove aromatic organoarsenicals (p-arsanilic acid, 2-aminophenylarsonic acid, 2-nitrophenylarsonic acid, roxarsone, 4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid and phenylarsonic acid) (Liu et al. 2020). Under the optimized experimental conditions, as-prepared CoFe2O4 NPs act as high efficient sorbents to adsorb and remove hazardous aromatic organoarsenicals from water samples.
Metal-Organic Framework Nanocomposites for Adsorptive Applications
Published in Anish Khan, Mohammad Jawaid, Abdullah Mohammed Ahmed Asiri, Wei Ni, Mohammed Muzibur Rahman, Metal-Organic Framework Nanocomposites, 2020
Nhamo Chaukura, Wisdom A Munzeiwa, Rufaro B. Kawondera, Tatenda C. Madzokere, Norman Mudavanhu, Sibongile M. Malunga
The use of MOFNs in removing PPCPs is still emerging. However, the potential of MOFNs can be inferred from MOFs, which have been widely studied (e.g., [51,66]. The MOF, MIL-101 (Cr3O(F/OH)(H2O)2[C6H4(CO2)2]), which has large pore sizes and huge porosity, is widely studied [67]. Various derivatives of MIL-101 have been used to remove a range of pollutants from aqueous systems including furosemide, sulfasalazine, clofibric acid, and naproxen [14]. Diclofenac, a common painkiller, has been removed using UiO-66(Zr) and its functionalized derivative (UiO-66 with SO3H/NH2) [51]. Zr-MOFs have also been used to remove antibiotics from aqueous solutions [68]. Veterinary drugs such as p-arsanilic acid, roxarsone, and phenylarsonic acid, have also be removed from wastewater using MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-101(Fe) [51].
Arsenic Poisoning through Ages
Published in M. Manzurul Hassan, Arsenic in Groundwater, 2018
Metallic arsenic can be used in alloys with lead. Lead components in car batteries are strengthened by the presence of a very small percentage of arsenic (Bagshaw, 1995). Refined arsenic trioxide is used in glassware production and tertiary arsines are used in polymerization of unsaturated compounds (BGS/DPHE, 1999). High-purity arsenic (at least 99.999%) is used in electronics in conjunction with gallium or indium. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is an important semiconductor material used in integrated circuits, which are much faster than those made from silicon. GaAs can be used in laser diodes and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to convert electrical energy directly into light (Grund et al., 2005). In addition, arsanilic acid is used in motor fuel, arsonic and arsenic acid are used in the steel industries, and roxarsone is used in feed additives (USEPA, 2000).
Study on interaction of p-sulfonato calix[6]arene with arsanilic acid
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
K. Chennakesavulu, P. Sreedevi, G. Bhaskar Raju, G. Ramanjaneya Reddy
The chemical warfare agents containing aromatic arsenicals like bis(diphenylarsine)oxide, diphenylarsinic acid, phenylarsonic acid, diphenyl chlororoarsine, and diphenylcyanoarsine were used exclusively during World War I and II. After the World War II, these agents are abandoned in Europe, China, Japan, and other countries by sea-dumping or earth-burying.[1,2] However, the leakage of these agents to the environment has been pointed in Baltic Sea, Germany, and Japan. Cerebellar symptoms were observed in the fishermen residing in the above areas.[3]The diphenylarsine chloride and diphenylarsine cyanide ware agents contaminate the soil by forming degraded products like diphenyl and phenyl arsenicals, which is one of the most important environmental issues. Moreover, cytotoxicity of phenyl arsine oxide is higher than PASA.[4]The PASA and roxarsone are the major feed additives in poultry and swine industries. The arsanilic acid is also used in veterinary medicine as a chemotherapeutic agent, because it inhibits the growth of some microorganisms. The arsanilic acid is incorporated in feed at a level of 45 to 90âmg/kg in the pig and poultry industries. The p-arsanilic acid and roxarsone are retained in chicken meat or pork.[5] Due to higher mobility of arsanilic acid, these are excreted in unchanged form and introduced into nearby water bodies and paddy fields. Arsenic-contaminated soil had a marked influence on the height of the rice plant. Plant height decreased significantly with increasing arsenic concentrations in soil.[6] Thus, there is a need to treat the polluted water and soil. The selective and quantitative determination of arsanilic acid will play a crucial role. This study may help in the development of stereoselective sensors for arsanilic acid.