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Technologies
Published in Henry H. Perritt, Eliot O. Sprague, Domesticating Drones, 2016
Henry H. Perritt, Eliot O. Sprague
Batteries use an electro-chemical process to store and release electrical energy. They comprise multiple cells, each of which generates a fixed voltage associated with a particular chemical process. Voltage is a measure of the electromotive force that can be exerted by the battery. For example, the voltage generated by a lead-acid battery cell is 1.5 V, that generated by a lithium polymer cell is 3.65 V, a lithium polymer cell generates 3.65 V, and an alkaline battery common in consumer electronics, generates 1.5 V. An arbitrary number of battery cells can be wired together in series to produce the voltage needed by a particular circuit. The series wiring can be done mechanically, as when one puts multiple batteries in a flashlight with the positive terminal from each cell contacting the negative terminal of the next one. Or, the series wiring can be accomplished internal to the battery so that multiple cells comprise a single package.
Fabric based printed-distributed battery for wearable e-textiles: a review
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2021
Adnan E. Ali, Varun Jeoti, Goran M. Stojanović
Alkaline chemistries are the predominant primary batteries which drives its energy from the zinc metal and manganese dioxide chemical reactions. In the basic environment, these batteries have a pH of approximately 14. The basic electrolytes for these battery chemistries are potassium hydroxide, KOH or sodium hydroxide, and NaOH, and hence it is named as alkaline battery. The amount of hydroxide ion, OH− consumed or produced, during discharge, is equal. These batteries have characteristics of long discharge cycle life, long storage time, and leakage proof. The most commonly used alkaline batteries applied for smart textiles and wearables consists of the zinc-manganese dioxide, Zn-MnO2, and the monovalent silver oxide-zinc, Ag2O-Zn, batteries.