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Turfgrass Insects
Published in L.B. (Bert) McCarty, Golf Turf Management, 2018
pH of spray tank and soil. Most insecticides require a neutral (pH = 7) or slightly acidic pH in the tank mixture. When the pH in a tank mixture exceeds 7.0, the product begins to disassociate through hydrolysis into inactive or ineffective by-products. However, not all insecticides are sensitive to pH. After the tank-mix is made and agitated, the pH of the resulting solution should be taken. If a high pH is detected, a commercial buffering agent or acidifier should be added. Use the mixed pesticide solution immediately and never store overnight or leave the sprayer in open sunlight. Read the label and materials safety data sheet (MSDS) to determine if a particular pest control compound is sensitive to pH.
Methods for the Determination of Inorganics and Nonmetals
Published in V. Dean Adams, Water and Wastewater Examination Manual, 2017
Chloride can be determined by the titration of an acidic sample with mercuric nitrate in the presence of an indicator. In the pH range of 2.3 to 2.8, diphenylcarbazone forms a purple complex with excess mercuric ions at the endpoint of the titration. The indicator-acidifier automatically adjusts the pH of most potable waters to pH 2.5 ±0.1. Xylene cyanol FF facilitates endpoint detection, which goes from blue-green to blue to purple.
Introduction
Published in Jamie Bartram, Richard Ballance, Water Quality Monitoring, 1996
Jamie Bartram, Richard Ballance
A. Titration of chloride concentrations less than 100mgΓ-1Use a 100-ml sample or smaller portion so that the chloride content is less than 10mg.Add 1.0ml indicator-acidifier reagent. The colour of the solution should be green-blue at this point. A light green indicates pH less than 2.0, a pure blue indicates pH more than 3.8. For most potable waters, the pH after this addition will be 2.5±0.1. For highly acid or alkaline waters adjust pH to 8 before adding indicator-acidifier reagent.Titrate with 0.00705molI-1HgNO32 titrant to a definite purple end-point. The solution turns from green-blue to blue a few drops before the end-point.Determine the blank by titrating 100ml distilled water containing 10mgNaHCO3.
A comprehensive study for selective removal of Cr(VI) by asymmetric imidazolium bromide salts as environmentally-friendly extractant
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2018
Volkan Eyupoglu, Halil Ibrahim Turgut, Recep Ali Kumbasar
Acid type and concentration are known as crucial factors in SXBPs. pH and the anion type of the acids have a decisive role in the extracted species on metal speciation, complexation, the solubility of the extractant. This phenomenon directly affects the whole extraction strategy for almost all metal-based extraction processes. So in this study, acid type effect in Cr(VI) removal was firstly investigated using ARTILs as the extractant. HCl, HNO3, and H2SO4 were utilized as different acidifiers in constant molar concentration (0.1 mol/L) in Cr(VI)-containing feed solution. The Cr(VI) extraction was determined to vary with the order of HCl > H2SO4 > HNO3 depending on the acid species in the aqueous phase. According to the results, Cr(VI) extraction rate was found high for ARTIL2, ARTIL3, ARTIL4, and ARTIL5 except for ARTIL1. The maximum Cr(VI) extraction rates were determined as 5.4%, 31.7%, 58.9%, 93.5%, and 94.1% for ARTIL1–ARTIL5 in 0.1 mol/L H2SO4 solution respectively. Also, HCl in the feed phase demonstrated as similar extraction behavior as H2SO4. However, anionic metal complexes like Cu(II)-Cl or Co(II)-Cl can be partly constituted by acidic aqueous media.[30,34] This complex formation gets the extraction of target ion decrease or increases depending on whether they are negative charged or not. So, the acid was determined more suitable acidifier in current experimental conditions.
Post-treatment of stabilized landfill leachate by upflow gravel filtration and granular activated carbon adsorption
Published in Environmental Technology, 2021
Renan Borelli Galvão, Andressa Algayer da Silva Moretti, Fernando Fernandes, Emília Kiyomi Kuroda
Initially, coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (CFS) experiments in Jar test equipment were carried out on a bench-scale to determine coagulation conditions (coagulant dosage and pH). Hydrochloric acid (37%, with a specific mass of 1187 kg L−1) was used as acidifier and ferric chloride (38.94%, with a specific mass of 1412 kg L−1) as coagulant. The main operational control parameters of the Jar tests were: time of 1 min and average velocity gradient of 600 s−1 for rapid mixing; time of 20 min and average velocity gradient of 20 s−1 for flocculation; and settling velocity of 0.12 cm min−1 (time of 30 min). As leachate B was the same as that used by Fujii et al. [19], the conditions obtained by the author were adopted.
Pesticides removal from water using activated carbons and carbon nanotubes
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Amanda Alcaide Francisco Fukumoto, José Augusto Alves Pimenta, Elisa Yoko Hirooka, Emília Kiyomi Kuroda
As coagulant, liquid polyaluminum chloride (Al2(OH)5Cl) solution with 2.000 mg. L−1 (commercial product with 10.79% m.m−1 of Al2O3 and specific mass = 1.27 kg L−1) was used with dosages ranging from 2.0 to 12.0 mg L−1. The efficiency of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation were evaluated, varying pH values from 6 to 8, using an acidifier solution of HCl with 2.000 mg. L−1 (purity 36.5% and specific mass of 1.19 kg L−1), and as an alkalizer solution of NaOH with 2.000 mg. L−1 (specific mass of 1.03 kg L−1). Aliquots were collected after the sedimentation time of 7 min and the removal of apparent colour and turbidity.