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List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
Acenaphthylene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with three aromatic rings. It is used to manufacture plastics. Intermediate for dyes, soaps, pigments, pharmaceuticals, insecticide, fungicide, herbicide, and plant growth hormones. Intermediate for naphthalic acids, naphthalic anhydride (intermediate for pigments), and acenaphthylene (intermediate for resins). The largest emissions of PAH result from incomplete combustion of organic materials during industrial processes and other human activities. These include (a) processing of coal, crude oil, and natural gas, including coal; (b) coking, coal conversion, petroleum refining, and production of carbon blacks, creosote, coal-tar, and bitumen; (c) aluminium, iron, and steel production in plants and foundries; (d) heating in power plants and residences and cooking; (e) combustion of refuse; (f) motor vehicle traffic; and (g) environmental tobacco smoke.
Selenium alleviates phytotoxicity of phenanthrene and pyrene in Alternanthera Philoxeroides
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2018
Yingping Huang, Yizhi Song, Jueying Huang, Ying Xi, David Johnson, Huigang Liu
Ten grams of soil sample was extracted with DCM using soxhlet apparatus for 24 h. The sample extract was concentrated and the solvent exchanged with hexane and further reduced to 2–3 mL by a rotary evaporator (Heidolph4000, Germany) and the PAHs were eluted with 30 mL of DCM:hexane (2:3). The eluate was concentrated to 0.2 mL by nitrogen stream and a known quantity (1000 ng) of hexamethylbenzene was added to the eluates as an internal standard prior to analysis. Finally, the elution containing the PAHs was concentrated to 1 mL, exchanged the solvent with methanol, and was then concentrated to 1.0 mL for HPLC analysis (Niu et al. 2003). A linear gradient (1 min) back to starting conditions was followed by a 3-min prerun to achieve equilibration for each subsequent run. Acenaphthylene was quantified by a UV detector at 229 nm, and the other 15 PAHs were identified by a fluorescence detector.