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Extraction, Characterization and Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Wine Industry Waste
Published in Quan V. Vuong, Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural and Food Waste, 2017
Ariel R. Fontana, Andrea Antoniolli, Rubén Bottini
Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE, also known as pressurized liquid extraction, pressurized solvent extraction and pressurized fluid extraction) works well for the recovery of many compounds from different matrices. ASE uses conventional solvents at elevated temperatures (100-180°C) and high pressures (1500-2000 psi) to enhance the extraction of organic analytes from solid samples (Richter and Raynie 2012). Conditions of elevated pressure and temperature exert changes in the solvent, the sample and the interactions among them. Under high pressure, the solvent boiling point increases; consequently the extraction is conducted at higher temperatures. The high pressure allows the solvent to penetrate deeper into the sample matrix, increasing the extraction of analytes confined to the matrix pores (Richter and Raynie 2012). This is crucial for complex samples like grape by-products where many of the compounds have interactions and different chemical nature. The solubility of analytes increases and mass transfer goes faster at elevated temperatures. The high temperature weakens the van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, London forces and dipole attractions from solute-matrix. In addition, at high temperatures the solvent viscosity and surface tension get reduced, enhancing the solvent penetration. All of these factors lead to faster extraction, higher recoveries of analytes and less solvent consumption in comparison with conventional SLE (Fontana et al. 2013).
Sampling and Analysis of Pesticides in the Atmosphere
Published in José L. Tadeo, Analysis of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples, 2019
Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) is now used for the extraction of pesticides from filters and adsorbents.32,33,47,60 This technique permits the strong reduction of the duration of extraction and the amount of solvent used.
Antiepileptic drugs in aquatic environments: Occurrence, toxicity, transformation mechanisms and fate
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2023
Quanzhen Liu, Long Wang, Xiong Xu, Saihong Yan, Jinmiao Zha, Donghong Wang, Dan Zhu
In addition, it is often necessary to extract AEDs from the sludge prior to SPE in the detection of AEDs in sludge. The common extraction method is accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). For example, Ding et al. employed ASE to extract AEDs in sludge from wastewater treatment plants and they optimized the extract parameters, including extraction solvent, extraction temperature, extraction pressure and extraction time. Then, the extracts were cleaned up using SPE followed by determination using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The extraction method was successfully applied in an actual analysis of CBZ in sludge of WWTPs and the recovery rate reached 88.1% (Ding et al., 2011). Radjenović et al. also used a similar pretreatment method to detect CBZ in sludge of WWTPs in Spain and obtained the recovery rate of 85.2% (Radjenovi et al., 2009).
Unresolved complex mixtures of petroleum hydrocarbons in the environment: An overview of ecological effects and remediation approaches
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2021
Kavitha Ramadass, Saranya Kuppusamy, Kadiyala Venkateswarlu, Ravi Naidu, Mallavarapu Megharaj
In accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) method, the solvent is heated up and pressurized before passing through the sample for quick and efficient removal of the desired compounds from the sample matrix (Giergielewicz-Możajska et al., 2001). Thus, this method requires only shorter extraction time and smaller volume of a solvent as compared to such conventional methods as Soxhlet and ultrasonic extraction. However, since ASE uses high temperature for the operation, it is an expensive method with a tendency of extracting many interferences as well. Therefore, the sample needs to be cleaned in a column before analyzing for various components. Although ASE process is shorter compared to the conventional methods like Soxhlet extraction, its preparation time for the extraction is long, and rinsing consumes a lot of solvent (Adeniji et al., 2017).
The advances and limitations in biodiesel production: feedstocks, oil extraction methods, production, and environmental life cycle assessment
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2020
Konstantin Pikula, Alexander Zakharenko, Antonios Stratidakis, Mayya Razgonova, Alexander Nosyrev, Yaroslav Mezhuev, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Kirill Golokhvast
Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) or pressurized solvent extraction is an advanced chemical extraction method. The essence of the method lies in using solvents at elevated pressure and temperature. The extraction rate increases with increasing temperature, while high pressure prevents the solvent from boiling at higher temperatures. As a result, the reaction time and solvent consumption are significantly reduced compared to other solvent extraction methods (79).