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Review of Effective Mathematical Modelling of Coronavirus Epidemic and Effect of drone Disinfection
Published in S. Prabha, P. Karthikeyan, K. Kamalanand, N. Selvaganesan, Computational Modelling and Imaging for SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, 2021
Agnishwar Jayaprakash, R. Nithya, M. Kayalvizhi
A recent WHO news update shows that carriers without any symptoms are spreading the virus unknowingly. Asymptomatic diseased subjects were spotted, quarantined and kept under observation for the duration of the incubation period of 14 days. The Mckinsely report found that 20-50% are asymptomatic. Viral shedding of infected people lasts ten to 20 days. The case fatality ratio varies depending on measures taken by the government and people in different regions. Recently it was found the novel coronavirus undergoes an asymptomatic period at the beginning of the disease. During this time, these carriers can harbour the virus and spread the disease to their fellow beings without exhibiting symptoms. Hence, there is a requirement to include another compartment of subjects to the considered model. Such individuals, once afflicted, are proficient in transmitting the infection without exhibiting symptoms. They are the “carrier” compartment. Hence, S-I-R model is changed to S-C-I-R model [Sari E; 2019]. The carrier compartment is essential for the spread of the disease. Even the most accurate mathematical models need assumptions. Further, while considering small a community for study, the probability element has to be considered, and so stochastic models are selected. Recently it was found the novel coronavirus undergoes an asymptomatic period at the beginning of the disease. In the course of this time, these carrier can harbour the virus and spread the disease to their fellow being without exhibiting any symptoms. Hence there is a requirement to include another compartment to the model. The considered individuals, once afflicted, are contagious enough to spread the infection without any symptoms are the “carrier” class. Hence S-I-R model is changed to S-C-I-R model. The considered carrier compartment is essential to be considered because they spread the infection. Even the most accurate mathematical models are not Competent enough to predict the current pandemic. Mathematical modelling has played a great role in handling severe epidemics [Allen; 2008, Huang; 2020, Ji S; 2020; Ji W; 2020].
COVID-19 dispersion in naturally-ventilated classrooms: a study on inlet-outlet characteristics
Published in Journal of Building Performance Simulation, 2022
Günsu Merin Abbas, Ipek Gursel Dino
Contaminant: An infected occupant (sitting position, h = 1.20 m) is assumed to be in the centre of the classroom during the whole analysis period (8:00–18:00). We used the viral generation rate based on the experimental study of Leung et al. (2020), which measures the aerosol viral shedding rates of patients with COVID-19, rhinovirus, and influenza. In their study, COVID-19 infected breath samples were analyzed during breath sampling with 30 min intervals (Leung et al. 2020). COVID-19 was detected in 40% of the aerosol samples (4 out of 10 participants with a maximum 104.7 and minimum 102.8 particles per 30 min). The calculated average viral shedding was 35,366 aerosol virus particles per hour (maximum 100,237 and minimum 12,621 #/h). Accordingly, we used 35,366 #/h the COVID-19 generation rate in our simulations.