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Industrial Biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2020
The culture of viruses requires the culture of cells of mammalian, plant, fungal, or bacterial origin as hosts for the growth and replication of the virus. Whole wild type viruses, recombinant viruses, or viral products may be generated in cell types other than their natural hosts under the right conditions. Depending on the species of the virus, infection and viral replication may result in host cell lysis and formation of a viral plaque.
Industrial biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2018
The culture of viruses requires the culture of cells of mammalian, plant, fungal, or bacterial origin as hosts for the growth and replication of the virus. Whole wild-type viruses, recombinant viruses, or viral products may be generated in cell types other than their natural hosts under the right conditions. Depending on the species of the virus, infection and viral replication may result in host cell lysis and formation of a viral plaque.
How effective are face coverings in reducing transmission of COVID-19?
Published in Aerosol Science and Technology, 2022
Joshua F. Robinson, Ioatzin Rios de Anda, Fergus J. Moore, Florence K. A. Gregson, Jonathan P. Reid, Lewis Husain, Richard P. Sear, C. Patrick Royall
Viral load typically peaks around the onset of symptoms (Zou et al. 2020) which is also the most contagious stage of disease progression (Anderson et al. 2020); we thus expect viral loads from the upper half of the distributions in Figure 4a to be most relevant to disease transmission. The actual number of viable virus, as measured from viral plaque assays, in aerosol vs the RT-PCR result is typically only one part in 102 to 104 (Milton et al. 2013; Fears et al. 2020). We can thus take the upper limit of (naso-oral) viral loads as 108 to 10 instead of 10 to 10
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 surrogate inactivation on surfaces and in air using UV and blue light-based intervention technologies
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2023
Dilpreet Singh, Anand R. Soorneedi, Nachiket Vaze, Ron Domitrovic, Frank Sharp, Douglas Lindsey, Annette Rohr, Matthew D. Moore, Petros Koutrakis, Ed Nardell, Philip Demokritou
Human coronavirus HCoV-229E was used in the inactivation experiments. HCoV-229E is a member of the genus Alphacoronavirus and is one of the globally prevalent coronaviruses, a group that includes SARS-CoV-2, which is a betacoronavirus. HCoV-229E was acquired from ATCC (Strain no. VR-740, American type culture collection, Manassas VA). Viral aliquots of 107 pfu/mL were made and stored at −80°C. A HCoV-229E viral plaque assay was developed for the quantification of the virus in experimental samples.