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Tuberculosis diagnosis using Bayes’s theorem and a web-based forward chaining algorithm in Ungaran City
Published in Aria Hendrawan, Rifi Wijayanti Dual Arifin, Engineering, Information and Agricultural Technology in the Global Digital Revolution, 2020
Henny Indriyawati, Prind Triajeng Pungkasanti, Wahyu Septiawan
Ungaran City is located in the province of Central Java and borders the cities of Semarang and Demak Regencies in the north, Grobogan and Boyolali Regencies in the east, Magelang Regency in the south, and Temanggung and Kendal Regencies in the west (Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2014). The period shifting from the dry season to the rainy season or vice versa is called transition. Diseases that occur in tropical and subtropical areas are generally in the form of infections often called tropical diseases. Symptoms of emerging diseases are generally indicative of which disease is suffered. Based on data from the Semarang district of Dispendukcapil, at the end of 2014, the population of Semarang Regency was 989,399 people (Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2014). The number of newfound cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Ungaran in 2014 was 191 with a case notification rate (CNR) of 19.30 per 100,000 population, while the total number of cases up to 2014 was 286 with a CNR of 28.91 per 100,000 population. Based on data from the RSUD Ungaran examining patients at Ungaran Hospital, TB often occurs in the city of Ungaran itself; during the last six months of 2018, 70 cases of TB were found, of which pulmonary TB comprised about 0.8%, and extrapulmonary TB was found in glands (0–2%), bones (0.6%), and intestines (0.2%). In the developing world of information technology, expert systems can be utilized as one of the quick steps to identifying what diseases are attacking (Satzinger, Jackson, & Burd, 2011).
Environment-Related Infectious Diseases
Published in Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. Lichtveld, Environmental Policy and Public Health, 2017
Barry L. Johnson, Maureen Y. Lichtveld
Tropical diseases encompass all diseases that occur solely, or principally, in the tropics. In practice, the term is often taken to refer to infectious diseases that thrive in hot, humid conditions, such as malaria, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, Chagas disease, African trypanosomiasis, and dengue. Several of these infectious diseases have already been discussed in this chapter. It is beyond the scope of this chapter to discuss other tropical infectious diseases, but additional details can be found in WHO publications.
Malaria parasites detection and identification using object detectors based on deep neural networks: a wide comparative analysis
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2023
Maura Rocha, Maíla Claro, Laurindo Neto, Kelson Aires, Vinicius Machado, Rodrigo Veras
Malaria is one of the most predominant tropical diseases in the world, and it causes a lot of suffering and death in developing countries (Poostchi et al. 2018). This infectious disease is caused by the bite of a female Anopheles mosquito, infected by the Plasmodium spp parasite (May and Aziz et al. 2013). The parasite infects red blood cells (RBC) and causes disease. Malaria is considered a severe public health problem in the world. According to the World Health Organization Malaria 2020 Report, nearly half of the world’s population lives in areas at risk of transmission. In 2019, malaria caused around 409,000 deaths from 229 million cases. It is estimated that 94% of deaths in 2019 occurred on the African continent (Organization et al. 2020).