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Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Published in Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White, Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White
Vertebral angiomas are typically asymptomatic, benign lesions of the spine [3,11,25]. The pain accompanying this condition is caused by fracture, mass effect, and thecal sac compression or by neural foraminal narrowing [8]. Aggressive vertebral angiomas can be identified either by clinical symptoms or radiographic evaluations. Clinical symptoms consist of severe back pain or neurological signs signifying spinal cord or nerve root compression. Radiographically, aggressive vertebral angiomas appear as irregular and vertical trabeculation on plain x-ray films. On computerd tomography (CT) scans, they contain a distinct decrease in fat density with soft tissue content after an intravenous injection of contrast media. On magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, they are characterized by low signal intensity at focal, well-circumscribed lesion in T1-weighted images, which show a mild signal enhancement after intravenous injection of gadolinium [26]. Other radiographic signs include involvement of the whole vertebra, perivertebral invasion with an epidural extension and compression of the spinal cord or nerve roots, and occasionally, vertebral collapse [11,25].
TaylorCSROA-based Deep Residual Network: An Optimization driven Deep Network for the multilevel spinal cord disease classification
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2023
where the bias is represented as , the input feature having the dimension of is given as , the weight matrix with the dimension of is represented as , is the output layer element and the output layer dimension is represented as . The final prediction output is the class containing maximum probability. Thus, the output obtained from the Deep Residual Network is used for the spinal cord disease, such as bone marrow syndrome, end plate disintegration, IVD bulges, thecal sac reducing, middle or foraminal stenosis, annular tears, scoliosis, endplate imperfections (modic type), facet joint and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and spondylolisthesis.