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Thermography by Specialty
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Lumbar spinal stenosis is technically known as Cauda Equina Compression Syndrome. The Cauda Equina (CE) is a bundle of peripheral nerves that exits the adult spinal cord at the conus medularis about the level of T12 and courses downwards, contained in and protected by the dura mater and bathed in cerebrospinal fluid. Individual CE nerves exit the bony spinal canal as they reach their corresponding lumbar and sacral dermatomal levels. Patients with LSS develop pain in the lower extremities on standing or walking due to increased pressure on the CE by venous congestion or bony impingement on the dura. As this pressure creates temporary partial nerve damage due to reduced local blood flow, sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone is increased over the lumbar and sacral skin areas, which become demonstrably cool. The areas over the buttocks (sacral nerves) and the quadriceps (lower lumbar nerves) best demonstrate this decrease in temperature.
Designing for Lower Torso and Leg Anatomy
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
Unlike the upper torso, the lower torso and legs only contain peripheral nervous system (PNS) elements—representing both somatic (motor and sensory) and autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic) functions (review Sections 4.6 and 2.3). The peripheral nerve structures include: (a) the cauda equina—a group of nerve roots within the spinal canal, (b) spinal nerves, (c) the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerve plexuses (Netter, 1986, p. 122), and (d) peripheral nerves. Nerves in the lower torso and legs have some vulnerability to product compression and injury.
A contemporary systematic review of the complications associated with SURGICEL
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Matthew Masoudi, Jacob Wiseman, Sam M. Wiseman
Among the reviewed papers there were eight nervous system complications caused by the mass effect of ‘Surgicelomas.’ This review identified three reported cases of Cauda Equina Syndrome caused by an unabsorbed SURGICEL mass putting pressure on the lower spine. Additionally, there were three reported cases of paraplegia caused by the mass effect of SURGICEL. Henry et al. described a case of paraplegia in a child after the resection of a mediastinal neuroblastoma. In this case, the paraplegia was caused by spinal cord compression after the migration of SURGICEL into the spinal canal [21].