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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
The temporomandibular joints, or TMJs, are the pair of joints between the mandible and the temporal bones of the skull (Figure 10.39). Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJD) is a common problem, causing pain in the involved joint, clicking noises on chewing, and restricted jaw movement. Arthritis may be a cause of TMJD. Patients with osteoarthritis or internal derangement of the TMJ, perhaps from previous trauma, often have synovitis of the TMJ.95 This creates chronic inflammation in the synovial tissue, progressive degradation of the cartilage, and subchondral bone remodeling.96
Video laryngeal masks in airway management
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Manuel Á. Gómez-Ríos, Teresa López, José Alfonso Sastre, Tomasz Gaszyński, André A. J. Van Zundert
Potential complicates are due to a (forceful) insertion of SADs causing trauma and injury to: a) teeth, lips, tongue; b) mucosa of the oropharynx (blood staining, bleeding); c) glottic structures (vocal cords, epiglottis, arytenoids); d) nerves (recurrent laryngeal, lingual, hypoglossal, inferior alveolar nerves); e) lungs (pulmonary edema may follow vigorous biting on the shaft of the SAD resulting in complete obstruction of the airway); f) laryngospasm and bronchospasm; and g) temporomandibular joint dysfunction [1,30,31]. Sore throat, dysphonia, and dysphagia may result after incorrect insertion of the device or inadequate monitoring of intracuff pressure, avoiding hyperinflation, which results in a decrease in mucosal perfusion. Meticulous attention to the correct insertion process and continuous evaluation of intracuff pressure (during induction and maintenance of anesthesia) is warranted to avoid these traumata.
The Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study: oral health findings and their implications
Published in Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2020
Chuen Lin Hong, Jonathan M. Broadbent, W. Murray Thomson, Richie Poulton
Current dental-related Dunedin Study research includes detailed characterisation of dental plaque and with advances in bacterial genetics, the study has begun to investigate the bacteria collected from different intra-oral sites from age 32. The study can provide insights into the composition of the human plaque, the ecological role that species have in modulating human plaque, and provide a glimpse of its effect in the progression from healthy to periodontitis. Further work is being conducted on the microbiology of dental plaque and how it may affect caries risk and periodontal disease. Digital 3D scans of the Study members’ dentitions at age 45 years enable investigation of occlusal features and temporomandibular joint dysfunction, along with dental aesthetics. In future, the digital scans will provide insights into changes to the ageing dentition including crowding and attrition (tooth wear).