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Pesticides and Chronic Diseases
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Seneff441 identified two key problems in autism that are unrelated to the brain, yet clearly associated with the condition both of which are linked with glyphosate exposure: Gut dysbiosis (imbalances in gut bacteria, inflammation, leaky gut, food allergies such as gluten intolerance)Disrupted sulfur metabolism/sulfur and sulfate deficiency
Cd2+ influences metabolism and elemental distribution in roots of Acanthus ilicifolius L.
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019
Exposure of A. ilicifolius to CdCl2 significantly enhanced the distribution of the element S in the root tissue, especially in the inner and middle regions. Sulfur metabolism tightly regulates phytochelatin (PC) biosynthesis through controlling the level of glutathione (GSH) in the tissue and thereby sequestering the toxic metal ions (Thangavel et al. 2007). The incorporation of GSH into PCs could be compensated by an amplified S uptake to support GSH biosynthesis (Sharma et al. 2004). Thus, increased S uptake in the plants treated with CdCl2 accounts for the increased GSH synthesis (data not shown) and the alleviation of toxicity imparted by the Cd2+ in the roots of A. ilicifolius.
Glutathione primed seed improved lead-stress tolerance in Brassica rapa L. through modulation of physio-biochemical attributes and nutrient uptake
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Shakil Ahmed, Mawra Khan, Rehana Sardar
The seed priming is pre-sowing procedure modifies the physiological composition of the seed to promote germination. Additionally, it increases agricultural activity by promoting plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stressors. Seed priming agents play remarkable role that enhances tolerance capacity for stress that improve plant growth and maintained homeostasis under stress condition (Lutts et al. 2016; Nile et al. 2022). Seed priming help in regulating the balance in hormone level, biological processes and enzymatic activities (Li et al. 2016). In undergoing seed priming, radical emergence does not occur and seeds are partly hydrated till the germinating process begin (Bradford 1986). McDonald (2000) showed that, seeds that are primed attain capability for fastly imbibing and resuscitate the metabolic activities in seeds thus escalating the rate of germinating. Glutathione (γ-Glu–Cys–Gly) belongs to non-proteinic group occurring in all plants. Glutathione (GSH) enhance the defense system of cells, heavy metal detoxification, removal of xenobiotics, and sulfur metabolism (Foyer and Noctor 2011). Glutathione serves as a precursor for phytochelatin amalgamation. The ascorbate glutathione pathway is effective for H2O2 exfoliation (Foyer and Noctor 2011). Plant bioregulator mediated biochemical changes have been shown to have an essential role during stress conditions (Sabetta et al. 2017). In plants dealing with stress adaptation, GSH play miscellaneous biochemical characters as they are having multifarious properties (Khan et al. 2016). However, GSH has various metabolic activities, as well as the scavenging of ROS most prominent cellular functions of GSH, all of which help plants cope with a variety of abiotic stresses. Glutathione boosts up the oxidative stress tolerance; helps in scavenging ROS sustain some active constituent of antioxidants (Hasanuzzaman et al. 2018). Owing to the nucleophilic nature of thiol group, capable of forming mercaptide bonds with metals. Accordingly, it assists in protecting plant from the harmful effect of metals and ease it by vacuolar sequestration of toxic metals (Khan et al. 2016). According to Xia et al. (2020), glutathione primed seed increased oat plant defense function by reducing hydrogen peroxide levels while also enhancing seed germination and antioxidant enzyme activity. Due to the possession of variegate properties, GSH caused increment in growth, development, gene expression, and protein activation dealing with normal and abnormal stresses (Hasanuzzaman et al. 2018). Glutathione confiscate the Pb that is in active on the thiol group of GSH (Sabetta et al. 2017).