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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Decontamination for Terrorist Agents
Published in Robert A. Burke, Counter-Terrorism for Emergency Responders, 2017
During initial decontamination in the decontamination areas, bandages are removed and the wounds are flushed; the bandages are replaced only if bleeding recurs. Tourniquets are replaced with clean tourniquets and the sites of the original tourniquets decontaminated. Splints are thoroughly decontaminated, but removed only by a physician. The new dressings are removed in the operating room and submerged in a 5% solution of hypochlorite or placed in a plastic bag and sealed.
Morphological analysis of the temporomandibular joint in patients with anterior disc displacement
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Tinghui Sun, Bingmei Shao, Desmond Y. R. Chong, Zhan Liu
The occlusal splint treatment was used to reposition the mandibles of the ADDwR patients, therefore rebuilding the functionality of the joint. Statistical results showed that the joint spaces SJS and PJS in the patients turned remarkably wider after 6 months of the treatment. Clinical observation also found that most of the patients experienced pain relief and jaw mobility recovery over the occlusal splint treatment. The joint space distributions revealed different patterns for the patients before and after the treatments. On the condylar surface, the spaces were notably increased and more evenly distributed after wearing the splint. In the fossa-eminence view, the most narrowed region was shifted anteriorly to the articular eminence due to the treatment. The thick articular eminence covered by fibrocartilage was designed to sustain the loading. This transferring of the cramped area might help establish proper contacts and load-dispersing behaviors inside the joint. Presumably, the pressure on the bilaminar zone would decrease owing to the widening of the posterior and superior spaces, reducing the pain generated from the rich neurovascular tissues.
Development of a 3D scan posture-correction procedure to facilitate the direct-digital splinting approach
Published in Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2019
Ilja Asanovic, Huw Millward, Alan Lewis
The virtual posture-correction procedure provides a foundation for future research into the articulation of body parts where it is difficult to maintain a target splinting posture during digitisation. The methodology has the potential to be applied to finger, wrist, elbow, and knee orthoses. However, more research is needed to improve the wrist joint model during rigging. This could minimise 3D scan surface distortions on the palmar and dorsal anatomy for wrist-splint applications. It is anticipated that the longer-term development of this research will address the automation and optimisation of the orthoses design process.
Applying computational geometry to designing an occlusal splint
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2020
Agnieszka Anna Tomaka, Leszek Luchowski, Dariusz Pojda, Krzysztof Skabek, Michał Tarnawski
Designing occlusal splints requires plaster dental models representing the patient’s anatomy, information about the expected thickness of the occlusal splint, and the model of the movement of the mandible, which is reproduced by the articulator.