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Disorders of Hearing
Published in Anthony N. Nicholson, The Neurosciences and the Practice of Aviation Medicine, 2017
Linda M. Luxon, Ronald Hinchcliffe
The commonest configuration of sensorineural hearing loss without a fracture is a bilateral high-tone sensorineural hearing loss (Toglia and Katinsky, 1976; Davies and Luxon, 1995), although a variety of other configurations, including asymmetric and unilateral loss, may be observed. A notch-shaped hearing loss at 4 Hz has been reported by Schuknecht (1969) and confirmed by subsequent workers (Wennmo and Svensson, 1989). A recent study has shown progression of sensorineural hearing loss after closed head injury in three-quarters of cases (Bergemalm, 2003). Moreover, tinnitus is a common sequela of head injury (Ceranic et al., 1998).
Device profile of the sapphire XTM anterior cervical plate system: overview of its safety and efficacy
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
John G. DeVine, Uzondu F. Agochukwu, Keith L. Jackson
Adjacent segment pathology (ASP) has been described after fusion and arthroplasty procedures in the cervical spine. Possible sequela associated with adjacent segment pathology includes disc degenerative changes, osteophyte formation, development of stenosis, and changes in alignment. Distinct from degenerative forms of ASP, adjacent-level ossification development (ALOD) is a type of ASP that results in anterior marginal osteophyte formation. This is appreciated for heterotopic bone formation along the anterior longitudinal ligament on lateral cervical radiographs (Figure 1.). The incidence of ALOD became more common as the frequency of anterior cervical plate use increased in the 1990s. In 2005, Park et al. reported a positive correlation between ALOD following anterior cervical plate procedures and a plate-to-disc distance of less than 5 mm.6 Because of this, the current recommendation is to keep the plate as far away from the adjacent segment disc as possible [6]. This is accomplished by using the shortest plate possible when performing anterior fusion procedures.
Burden of road traffic injuries related to delays in implementing safety belt laws in low- and lower-middle-income countries
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2018
Aurélie Martin, Emmanuel Lagarde, L. Rachid Salmi
The estimation model was a simplified DALY[0,0] model, which assumes that the value of YLDs and YLLs varies neither with time nor with the age at injury or death (Devleesschauwer et al. 2014). In that model, (1) YLLs for a given age, sex, and injury (YLLa,s,i) are a function of the number of deaths (Da,s,i) and life expectancy at that age for the given sex (LEa,s): and (2) YLDs for a given age, sex, and injury (YLDa,s,i) are a function of the number of people with a sequela resulting from injury (Sa,s,i), the time until remission or death (Ta,s,i), and a disability weight (W):
Measurement and correlation of solubility and thermodynamic properties of N-acetyl-l -glutamine in some pure solvents and binary solvents at various temperatures
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2019
Yan Chen, Yanyang Wu, Xiangyang Zhang, Kui Chen, Bin Wu, Lijun Ji, Jiawen Zhu
N-acetyl-l-glutamine (CH12N2O4, CAS Registry No: 2490-97-3), also called N-acetylglycinamide or L-2-acetamidoglutaamic acid aceglutamide, is one of the amino acid derivatives. It can be used in therapy of brain injury coma, paraplegic, neurological disease, neuropathic headache, backache, and sequela of poliomyelitis (Hellmann et al., 1986; Lopez-Pedrosa et al., 2007). The chemical structure of N-acetyl-l-glutamine is shown in Figure 1.