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Hearing and Noise
Published in Stephan Konz, Steven Johnson, Work Design, 2018
In addition to hearing, the ear provides a sense of balance through the pea-sized vestibular system, which is subdivided into the utricle and the semicircular canals. The utricle has “pebbles” (otoliths) resting on a bed of hairs (cilia); the pressure tells you which way gravity is operating. The three semicircular canals (one for each axis) are mutually perpendicular; they sense acceleration through movement of liquid in the canals. The utricle (static system) monitors the position of the head in space; the semicircular canals (dynamic system) monitor the movement of the head in space.
Individual Tasks
Published in John Huddlestone, Jonathan Pike, Team and Collective Training Needs Analysis, 2017
John Huddlestone, Jonathan Pike
The first five senses are the most familiar to us; however, added to the senses that receive external stimuli, we have two senses that provide information on orientation and acceleration of the body. The sense of balance or equilibrium (the vestibular sense) is generated within the semi-circular canals of the inner ear, which enables us to perceive acceleration, and orientation of the body and to keep our balance. Kinaesthesia is the sense that describes the position of the body and the orientation of the limbs through stretch sensors in the muscles, tendons and joints (Blake and Sekuler 2006).
Aviation Physiology
Published in Monica Martinussen, David R. Hunter, Aviation Psychology and Human Factors, 2017
Monica Martinussen, David R. Hunter
The human ear contains the vestibular system that provides us with our sense of balance. This system has two main components: the semicircular canals that detect changes in angular acceleration, and the otolith organs (the utricle and the saccule) that detect changes in linear acceleration and gravity (see Figure 3.25). Both of these components send information to the brain regarding the body's position and movement.
Individual differences in the temporal progression of motion sickness and anxiety: the role of passengers’ trait anxiety and motion sickness history
Published in Ergonomics, 2021
Dirk Stelling, Michael Hermes, Gerrit Huelmann, Justin Mittelstädt, Dominik Niedermeier, Kevin Schudlik, Holger Duda
A key physiological role has a system which integrates visuo-vestibular information of motion, i.e. information about movements and the sense of balance. While basic functioning of the vestibular system is necessary to induce motion sickness (Paillard et al. 2013), the syndrome is also a major comorbidity of most vestibular disorders such as vestibular migraine (Strupp et al. 2018). However, motion sickness can also be provoked by visual flow alone without concomitant vestibular stimulation (Mittelstädt et al. 2018). Motion related sickness is thus caused by a complex system of vestibular and visual information.
A computational framework to simulate the endolymph flow due to vestibular rehabilitation maneuvers assessed from accelerometer data
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2018
Carla F. Santos, Jorge Belinha, Fernanda Gentil, Marco Parente, Bruno Areias, Renato Natal Jorge
The vestibular system is the sensory system that provides the leading contribution about movement and sense of balance. As our movements consist of rotations and translations, the vestibular system comprises two connected main components; the three semicircular canals (SCCs), which are placed orthogonally to measure rotational movements, and the utricle and the saccule, which contain the otoliths to measure linear accelerations. Each SCC is comprised of a circular section of continuous fluid, connected with the ampulla and the vestibule (which contains the sensory epithelium).