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Preliminary Study of Retinal Lesions Classification on Retinal Fundus Images for the Diagnosis of Retinal Diseases
Published in Mitul Kumar Ahirwal, Narendra D. Londhe, Anil Kumar, Artificial Intelligence Applications for Health Care, 2022
Jaskirat Kaur, Ramanpreet Kaur, Deepti Mittal
These are distinguished by dark red colour and are of many forms such as: “dot”, “blot” and “flame” haemorrhages. Dot haemorrhages are tiny red objects and are usually referred tomicroaneuysms. Haemorrhages of blots and fires lead to blood loss in deeper layers of retina. These manifest as large and dark retinal lesions with abnormal contours on the fundus images [9]. Figure 7.4 shows an example image highlighting different types of haemorrhages inside the marked bound regions of rectangular shape. A retinal haemorrhage can be caused by diabetes, hypertension or blockages in retinal vein. They are more serious retinal disease because they are associated with the onset of chronic diabetic retinopathy. Some of the common symptoms of haemorrhages are (i) visual disturbances producing unclear vision, (ii) presence of blind spots in vision, (ii) pain in the eye.
Detection and Classification of Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Lesions
Published in K.C. Santosh, Sameer Antani, D.S. Guru, Nilanjan Dey, Medical Imaging, 2019
Ramesh R. Manza, Bharti W. Gawali, Pravin Yannawar, K.C. Santosh
Hemorrhages are located in the middle layer of the retina. A retinal hemorrhage is the abnormal bleeding of the blood vessels in the retina. They have a “dot” and “blot” configuration. Figure 6.6 shows the detection of hemorrhages.
A Comprehensive Survey on the Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Retinal haemorrhage occurs when blood vessels bleed abnormally in the retina at the rear of the eye. The retina’s surface is made up of millions of rods and cones, which are light-sensitive cells that are densely organized. Tiny vessels in the retina get erupted by disease characteristics and may bleed. This bleeding is caused due to haemorrhage, which may lead to partial or complete blindness. Due to the dense and sensitive nature of the cells, small blood vessel injuries might cause eyesight problems. Damage to the retina’s blood vessels, including bleeding, is referred to as retinal haemorrhage [51].