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Omics Reflection on the Bacterial Escape from the Toxic Trap of Metal(loid)s
Published in Vineet Kumar, Vinod Kumar Garg, Sunil Kumar, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Omics for Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Systems, 2023
Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Monojit Mondal, Vineet Kumar, Meththika Vithanage, Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian, Balram Ambade, Manish Kumar
Some water and soil bacteria possess tolerance/resistance to ambient TMs (Bruins et al. 2000). Microorganisms developed diverse types of chromosomal-, transposon-, and plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms to overcome TMs stress. The resistance genes are either plasmid or chromosome encoded and are highly specific. Seven different types of TMs resistance mechanisms (Figure 16.1) are known in microorganisms, which include (1) exclusion of TMs by permeability barrier; (2) extracellular sequestration of TMs by protein/chelator binding; (3) intracellular sequestration of TMs by protein/chelator binding; (4) enzymatic detoxification of TMs to the less toxic form; (5) active transport of TMs; (6) passive tolerance; and (7) reduction in TMs sensitivity of cellular targets to the TMs ions (Bruins et al. 2000; Wheaton et al. 2015; Etesami 2018). Bacteria can possess one or a combination of these resistance mechanisms.
Rapidly Changing Environment and Role of Microbiome in Restoring and Creating Sustainable Approaches
Published in Suhaib A. Bandh, Javid A. Parray, Nowsheen Shameem, Climate Change and Microbial Diversity, 2023
Manishankar Chakraborty, Udaya Kumar Vandana, Debayan Nandi, Lakkakula Satish, P.B. Mazumder
Several transmembrane proteins have reported alongside P-type ATPases (hydrolyse ATP) ATP-binding cassette transporters for zinc. Such proteins are found to be active in the process of detoxification. Bacterial change is due to the collective role of transposon, chromosomal, and plasmid-mediated resistance system. The concentration of zinc influences soil fertility and ecology because of its varying concentrations (Joshi et al., 2013).
Heavy metal remediation and resistance mechanism of Aeromonas, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Ali Fakhar, Bushra Gul, Ali Raza Gurmani, Shah Masaud Khan, Shafaqat Ali, Tariq Sultan, Hassan Javed Chaudhary, Mazhar Rafique, Muhammad Rizwan
Additionally, Aeromonas species possess genetic determinants responsible for heavy metal resistance. They are mediated by mobile elements, such as plasmids, transposons, chromosomal genomes associated with integrons, and bacteriophages. They bear different heavy metal resistance genes, including those for As, Hg, Co, Zn, Cd, Cr, etc., which participate in the diffusion of heavy metal resistance within the cell after bioaccumulation (Tataje-Lavanda et al., 2019; Uhrynowski et al., 2017). Although various resistance systems have been documented, plasmid mediated resistance is the most common gene resistance mechanism (Usman et al., 2020).
Antibiotic resistome in the livestock and aquaculture industries: Status and solutions
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2021
Yi Zhao, Qiu E. Yang, Xue Zhou, Feng-Hua Wang, Johanna Muurinen, Marko P. Virta, Kristian Koefoed Brandt, Yong-Guan Zhu
Production animal farms are considered the hotspots for the AMR development and dissemination, with the animal microbiome comprising a rich reservoir of ARGs (Argudín et al., 2017). A wide array of ARGs present in diverse bacterial hosts has been found in animal guts and manure, and ARG prevalence can clearly be linked to the use of antibiotics or other selecting agents in animals (Looft et al., 2012; Van Boeckel et al., 2019; Zhao et al., 2018). Tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes have been widely investigated and most frequently reported in animal farms from various countries previously using the traditional quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) (Ghosh & LaPara, 2007; Olonitola et al., 2015). However, with the recent development of DNA-based comprehensive tools including high-capacity (also known as high-throughput) qPCR and metagenomics, the rapid development and dissemination of antibiotic resistome were revealed for a significantly broader spectrum of ARGs (Munk et al., 2018; Su et al., 2017; Xiao et al., 2016). Hundreds of ARGs conferring resistance to various antibiotic classes (aminoglycoside, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, streptomycin, penicillin, sulfonamide, tetracycline, vancomycin, etc.) have been detected in the animal production systems in studies published in the 2000s (Looft et al., 2012; Wang, Zhang, et al., 2017; Xiao et al., 2016). The antibiotic resistomes in pigs from China and Europe were identified to comprise several shared ARGs conferring resistance to bacitracin, cephalosporin, macrolide, streptogramin B and tetracycline (Xiao et al., 2016). Plasmid-mediated resistance gene mcr-1, conferring resistance to colistin, a last-line drug for some multidrug-resistance infections, has been considered to be of animal origin and has been widely investigated to understand the complexities of AMR across animals, humans and other environments (Liu et al., 2016; Wang et al., 2017).