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The Emerging Role of Exosome Nanoparticles in Regenerative Medicine
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Zahra Sadat Hashemi, Mahlegha Ghavami, Saeed Khalili, Seyed Morteza Naghib
Pericardial fluid (PF), the plasma ultrafiltrate inside the pericardium sac around the heart, contains exosomes that are enriched with miRNAs secreted by heart. Co-culturing of PF with endothelial cells (ECs) induces its survival and proliferation. PF exosomes restore the blood flow recovery and angiogenesisinto a mouse model of ischaemic injury. Of note, internalisation of pro-angiogenic miRNA let-7b-5p into ECs by PF exosomes might coordinate the vascular repair (Beltrami et al. 2017).
A human pericardium biopolymeric scaffold for autologous heart valve tissue engineering: cellular and extracellular matrix structure and biomechanical properties in comparison with a normal aortic heart valve
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2018
Frantisek Straka, David Schornik, Jaroslav Masin, Elena Filova, Tomas Mirejovsky, Zuzana Burdikova, Zdenek Svindrych, Hynek Chlup, Lukas Horny, Matej Daniel, Jiri Machac, Jelena Skibová, Jan Pirk, Lucie Bacakova
An optimal autologous scaffold for heart valve tissue engineering should attempt to mimic the ECM structure of the normal human heart valve, including the collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) content [3,7]. It should also have similar biomechanical properties to the normal aortic valve (NAV) [3]. Autologous human pericardium (HP) has the potential to meet these conditions. The HP forms a sac around the heart containing a small amount of serous fluid (about 20 ml) that surrounds the heart and the proximal portion of the great vessels [8]. HP is the external part of the pericardial sac. It consists of an outer layer called the fibrous pericardium, which anchors the heart to the mediastinum, and an inner layer called the serous pericardium, which is lined by squamous mesothelial cells producing the pericardial fluid. The main function of HP is to limit overfilling of the heart chambers, and to form a barrier to prevent the spread of infection from adjacent structures of the mediastinum [8]. Although the pericardium sac is usually opened during cardiac surgery, HP is not routinely used in the creation of TEHVs. Only a small number of studies have described its use for the reconstruction or replacement of heart valves in patients with heart valve disease [9,10].