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Perceptual Impairments
Published in Julie A. Jacko, The Human–Computer Interaction Handbook, 2012
Julie A. Jacko, V. Kathlene Leonard, Molly A. McClellan, Ingrid U. Scott
Treatment of POAG includes topical or systemic medications, laser, or surgery to lower the intraocular pressure to a level at which optic nerve damage no longer occurs. Visual field testing is performed regularly in order to evaluate for progressive loss of peripheral vision, and the optic nerve is examined regularly to evaluate for evidence of progressive optic atrophy (clinical signs of glaucoma in the optic disc include asymmetry of the neuroretinal rim, focal thinning of the neuroretinal rim, optic disc hemorrhage, and any acquired change in the disc rim appearance or the surrounding retinal nerve fiber layer).
Abusive head trauma in India: imaging raises the curtain
Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 2022
Hima Pendharkar, Shumyla Jabeen, Nupur Pruthi, K. V. L. N Narasinga Rao, Dhaval Shukla, Nitish Kamble, Kavita V. Jangam, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Thennarasu Kandavel, Senthil Amudhan
Retinal hemorrhages are ophthalmological findings strongly associated in children suspected of abuse with most large studies identifying RH in 70–80% of confirmed AHT cases. The RH’s in AHT are characteristically bilateral, multiple, extend to the retina’s periphery and are found in all retinal layers. On the other hand, RH in non-AHT are usually unilateral, few in number and located at the posterior pole. One must note that while there are features of RH that are undoubtedly strongly indicative of AHT, there is no pattern that is pathognomonic to either condition (A. M. Kemp, 2011). Visual impairment has been described as a permanent and long-term complication of AHT (Harcourt & Hopkins, 1971; Mushin, 1971). One of our patients (case shown in Figure 3) presented with vision loss which on ophthalmologic examination revealed bilateral pale optic disc with attenuation of arteries probably due to consecutive optic atrophy.