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Polymeric Membranes for Biomedical and Biotechnology Applications
Published in Chandan Das, Kibrom Alebel Gebru, Polymeric Membrane Synthesis, Modification, and Applications, 2018
Chandan Das, Kibrom Alebel Gebru
Today, vascular tissue engineering is used to substitute the large-scale blood vessels with diameters greater than 6 mm, where the process would prompt microvasculature or neovascularization procedures inside or near the entrenched scaffolds. Therefore, to attain good blood vessel regeneration, several vascular tissue scaffolds, comprising nanoscale porous membranes and mainly electrospun polymeric nanofibrous frameworks, have been considered and prepared to make various types of blood vessels. As seen from Figure 7.10, during the fabrication of these scaffolds some considerations that should be taken include the following: they should maintain endothelial coverage to control the diverse physiological signals; they also should show suitable mechanical strength and elasticity; and the remodeling of blood vessel should be able to respond stimulatory cues [189].
Dendrimer Nanocomposites for Cancer Therapy
Published in Mansoor M. Amiji, Nanotechnology for Cancer Therapy, 2006
Lajos P. Balogh, Mohamed K. Khan
The vascular system is a critical organ system that needs detailed examination as it is the first organ system seen by intravascularly injected nanodevices and the main route of distribution to the rest of the body. Of particular importance to the study of cancer (and potentially other diseases such as macular degeneration, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.) is the angiogenic microvasculature. When these pathologic conditions occur or when a wound is healing, the normal existing microvasculature is stimulated to build a new microvasculature via budding off of the existing microvasculature. This process of neovascularization is called angiogenesis. It has potentially important implications for potential uses of nanodevices in pathologic and some non-pathologic biologic conditions as will be discussed below. A detailed understanding of the in vivo biodistribution of nanodevices will eventually permit the design of nanodevices that can specifically or selectively target specific organs or tissues in order to improve medical therapy.
Molecular and Cellular Imaging with Targeted Contrast Ultrasound
Published in Robert J. Gropler, David K. Glover, Albert J. Sinusas, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging, 2007
Carolyn Z. Behm, Jonathan R. Lindner
There is a rapidly growing interest in the use of molecular imaging of neovascularization, including angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. For oncology applications, imaging of angiogenesis or arteriogenesis may be useful for diagnosing neoplasms, detecting metastases, and assessing the response to tumoricidal therapies including angiogenesis inhibitors. For cadiovascular applications, imaging angiogenesis in ischemic tissue may be useful for studying endogenous neovascularization, the response to pro-angiogenic therapies designed to treat severe coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease, and pathologic process during atherogenesis.
Synthesis, X-ray characterization and evaluation of potent anti-angiogenic activity of a novel copper(II)-imidazole-bipyridyl complex
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2022
Hakan Ünver, Gökhan Dıkmen, Hülya Tuba Kiyan
Angiogenesis or neovascularization which refers to new capillaries that occurs from preexisting ones plays a vital role in such pathologies as inflammation and cancer.[1,2] Neovascularization including the steps of vasodilation, increased endothelial permeability, dissolved basal membrane, proliferation of endothelial cells, processes of migration and tubule formation, replasticity, endothelial cell differentiation and maturation, has a complex mechanism needs the interaction between multiple cells, includes endothelial and wall cells, inflammatory and blood cells, and cytokines, the extra-cellular matrix and proteolytic enzymes.[3–5] Angiogenesis; besides involving processes of embryonic development, wound healing, tissue repair and organ regeneration, it is also a key process for pathologically metastasized invasive tumor growth and plays an important role in controlling cancer progression.[6] Under normal conditions, neovascularization is regulated by the local balance between proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors such as growth factors, cytokines, proteolytic enzymes, integrins, and extracellular matrix components, and it is also known as the angiogenic switch.[7–9] In the pathological way, when the angiogenesis switched on, excessive or inadequate neovascularization may lead to several diseases including cancer, macular degeneration, retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammation.
Immobilized RGD concentration and proteolytic degradation synergistically enhance vascular sprouting within hydrogel scaffolds of varying modulus
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
Yusheng J. He, Martin F. Santana, Madison Moucka, Jack Quirk, Asma Shuaibi, Marja B. Pimentel, Sophie Grossman, Mudassir M. Rashid, Ali Cinar, John G. Georgiadis, Marcella K. Vaicik, Keigo Kawaji, David C. Venerus, Georgia Papavasiliou
The inability to promote rapid, stable, and functional neovascularization (new blood vessel formation) within implantable scaffolds remains as a major obstacle to clinical translation of biomaterial-based strategies in tissue engineering. Oxygen and nutrient mass transfer limitations and inadequate removal of waste products restrict the volume of tissue that can be engineered to smaller than clinically relevant dimensions. Thus, successful engineering of metabolically demanding tissues of large volume requires establishment of an extensive and stable vascular network throughout the implant for support and maintenance of cell viability and promotion of functional tissue regeneration [1]. Neovascularization is regulated by a complex interplay of cellular interactions with biochemical and biophysical signals provided by the extracellular matrix (ECM),including diffusible and immobilized growth factors, cell adhesion ligands, and ECM mechanical and structural properties [2,3]. Leveraging knowledge of key cell-ECM interactions of native vascularized tissues in the design of scaffolds will facilitate clinical translation of new biomaterials capable of promoting rapid neovascularization of damaged or diseased tissues.
Polycaprolactone-gelatin membrane as a sealant biomaterial efficiently prevents postoperative anastomotic leakage with promoting tissue repair
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2021
Gyeongjin Joo, Tamanna Sultana, Sohanur Rahaman, Sang Ho Bae, Hae Il Jung, Byong-Taek Lee
Successful wound healing of tissue is defined by the formation of new cellular lining, blood vessel formation and significant collagen deposition. Neovascularization allows nutrition and oxygen diffusion during tissue regeneration cascades [56]. Hematoxylin & eosin staining of treated tissue samples revealed an abundance of inflammatory cells in the control group while vascularization was higher in membrane treated animals (Figure 7A–B).