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Spine
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Non-traumatic neck pain is an extremely common complaint. Most cases of neck pain are due to musculoligamentous strain or injury. Seventy per cent of episodes of neck pain resolve within one month. Most of the remaining 30 per cent resolve over the longer term with a small minority going on to have chronic neck problems. In the clinical assessment of neck pain, there are three major sources of diagnostic difficulty:Multiple structures including vertebral bodies, ligaments, muscles, intervertebral discs, vascular and neural structures are capable of producing painPain may be referred to the neck from other areas, such as shoulder, heart, diaphragm, mandible and temporomandibular jointsPain from the neck may be referred to the shoulders and arms.
Headache
Published in Anthony N. Nicholson, The Neurosciences and the Practice of Aviation Medicine, 2017
No specific investigations are required for tension-type headache, the diagnosis being made on clinical grounds alone. However, investigations are often requested to exclude other conditions. Whenever there is concern about a diagnosis of temporal arteritis, the sedimentation rate should be determined. For those with significant neck pain, radiographs or imaging of the cervical spine may be appropriate. Imaging of the brain, although often requested, is not required unless the headache is of recent onset in an older patient.
Risk factors of neck disability in computer-using office workers: a cross-sectional study
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Cansın Medin-Ceylan, Merve Damla Korkmaz, Tugba Sahbaz, Basak Cigdem Karacay
Working in a sedentary position for a long time increases the risk of neck pain [26]. Office workers who work with computers for a long time have a higher risk of developing neck pain [39,40]. Similar to these findings, the results of the current study showed that there was a relationship between working time at the computer and increased disability due to neck pain. Ergonomic management and neck-specific exercise training are effective in the long term in office workers and those with neck pain [41]. Breaks, neck-specific exercises and ergonomic training to prevent disability and workforce loss due to neck pain are of great importance. According to the current study results, people with low disability due to neck pain have higher information about ergonomics. This underlines the importance of ergonomic training for the health of employees. In addition, during the Covid-19 pandemic period there is an incentive to work at home. When the concept of the home office came up instead of mass office environments, people had to organize their own work environments. In order for employees to adjust their working environment to ergonomic principles, ergonomic training should be given even more importance during this period.
Acute Pain, Neck Extensor Endurance, and Kinematic Changes Resulting from Sustained Neck Flexion during Smartphone Use
Published in IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, 2022
Kaitlin M. Gallagher, John Jefferson, Ashton Human, Caleb Burruss
Pain developers in our study demonstrated decreased neck extensor endurance after smartphone use, with the effect being greater on day 1 compared to day 2. This outcome is consistent with previous results. Low neck muscle endurance, paired with prolonged neck flexion, has been linked to a higher risk for neck pain development (Ariëns et al., 2001); however, whether this is a cause or consequence of neck pain is unknown. Individuals with neck pain have less cervical flexor and extensor muscle endurance (Ghamkhar & Kahlaee, 2019; Lee et al., 2004; Oliveira & Silva, 2016) and smaller cross-sectional areas of the deep flexors and extensors (Ghamkhar & Kahlaee, 2019). Although not investigated here, neck muscle strength may play a role in this difference. Across a given study sample, neck strength varies, but strength is higher among men compared to women in the flexion, extension, and lateral bend directions (Catenaccio et al., 2017). Women with chronic pain also demonstrate lower extension neck strength than females without chronic next pain (Cagnie et al., 2007). Since more females were characterized as pain developers, it could be that this overall lower strength of the neck musculature is related to this pain reporting. Future work should continue the investigation of neck strength and pain reporting in prolonged neck flexion.
Effects of using a document holder when typing on head excursion and neck muscle activity among computer users with and without neck pain
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2021
Ambusam Subramaniam, Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh
Computer users have to hold their necks in a forward bent posture for prolonged periods when viewing a computer screen and documents [12]. In addition, the repetitive movements involved in typing contribute significantly to neck pain [13]. Previous studies have reported that people with neck pain have an imbalance of muscle workload in the neck and upper shoulder region and abnormal postures which lead to muscle tension [14]. Abnormal postures and an increase in muscle tension may precipitate the onset of muscle stiffness and increased pain in the neck and shoulders, which may affect productivity in the workplace [15,16]. Even if computer users take measures to prevent or reduce neck pain, they will still experience recurring episodes of neck pain because of poor workstation ergonomics and lack of information regarding correct posture.