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Multifunctional Actuators Utilizing Magnetorheological Fluids for Assistive Knee Braces
Published in Yunhui Liu, Dong Sun, Biologically Inspired, 2017
With aging comes various types of physical deterioration, which often affects mobility The muscular strength of older people may decrease and they may be unable to walk or lose their stability during walking. Without appropriate exercise and rehabilitation, their muscles will further deteriorate and they may become bedridden. It has been found that exercise training can increase strength and may improve motor activity in people with cerebral palsy (CP) without adverse effects (Damiano et al. 2000). It was also demonstrated that exercise increases the strength of affected major muscle groups in stroke survivors (Teixeira-Salmela et al. 1999). Therefore, an effective way to relieve these problems and enable older people to fulfill their activities of daily living is to provide a means for them to be able to continue walking.
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Published in Michael Hehenberger, Zhi Xia, Our Animal Connection, 2019
Muscular dystrophy (MD) is the collective term for a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that cause muscle weakness and abnormal contractions, often leading to premature death. Zebrafish is widely used as model organism to study muscular dystrophies165. For example there is a zebrafish mutant that is a model organism for human Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Zebrafish is also an excellent animal model to study congenital muscular dystrophies, including CMD type 1 A (CMD 1A) caused by mutation in the human laminin α2 (LAMA2) gene.166 The zebrafish has become a model of choice in screening and testing new drugs against muscular dystrophies.
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Published in Michael Hehenberger, Zhi Xia, Huanming Yang, Our Animal Connection, 2020
Michael Hehenberger, Zhi Xia, Huanming Yang
Muscular dystrophy (MD) is the collective term for a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders that cause muscle weakness and abnormal contractions, often leading to premature death. Zebrafish is widely used as model organism to study muscular dystrophies165. For example there is a zebrafish mutant that is a model organism for human Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Zebrafish is also an excellent animal model to study congenital muscular dystrophies, including CMD type 1 A (CMD 1A) caused by mutation in the human laminin α2 (LAMA2) gene.166 The zebrafish has become a model of choice in screening and testing new drugs against muscular dystrophies.
The efficacy of resistance training in hypoxia to enhance strength and muscle growth: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2018
Domingo J. Ramos-Campo, Brendan R. Scott, Pedro E. Alcaraz, Jacobo A. Rubio-Arias
Although the interplay of mechanisms which facilitate muscular development are still being elucidated, resistance exercises protocols which maximize muscle fibre recruitment, time-under-tension and metabolic stress appear to benefit intramuscular anabolic signalling (Gonzalez et al., 2016), and therefore, muscle growth. Similarly, the mechanisms by which RTH may improve strength performance and increase muscular size likely include increased metabolic stress (Feriche, García-Ramos, Morales-Artacho, & Padial, 2017; Scott et al., 2016), and a resultant hypoxia-mediated increases in motor unit recruitment (Scott et al., 2017). Cellular swelling, resulting from metabolite accumulation in the cells, may also increase protein synthesis and decrease protein degradation, which would result in net protein accretion and muscle hypertrophy (Loenneke, Wilson, & Wilson, 2010). Nevertheless, despite these potential hypoxia-related mechanisms, our meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences in hypertrophy adaptations following RTH versus NRT.
Bone health, body composition and physical fitness dose–response effects of 16 weeks of recreational team handball for inactive middle-to-older-aged males – A randomised controlled trial
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2023
Ivone Carneiro, Peter Krustrup, Carlo Castagna, Rita Pereira, Niklas Rye Jørgensen, Eduardo Coelho, Susana Póvoas
Aging-related decreases in lean mass (LM) and increases in fat mass (FM), namely android FM, which is highly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors (Després et al., 1990), have been shown for men (St-Onge, 2005). Moreover, muscular strength decreases ∼12 to 14% per decade in over 50-year-olds (Hurley & Roth, 2000), and lower body strength is commonly the most affected by the aging process (Candow & Chilibeck, 2005), leading to an increased risk of falls and, consequently, fractures (Deandrea et al., 2010). Nonetheless, regular and adequate levels of physical activity (PA) improve bone health, body composition markers and muscular fitness, reducing the risk of falls and femur and lumbar spine fractures (WHO, 2010).
Effect of resistance training with different frequencies and subsequent detraining on muscle mass and appendicular lean soft tissue, IGF-1, and testosterone in older women
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2019
Matheus Amarante Do Nascimento, Aline Mendes Gerage, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira Da Silva, Alex Silva Ribeiro, Daniel Gomes Da Silva Machado, Fábio Luiz Cheche Pina, Crisieli Maria Tomeleri, Danielle Venturini, Décio Sabbatini Barbosa, Jerry L. Mayhew, Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino
Decreases in ability to develop strength and muscular endurance, and alterations in body composition components, such as loss of muscle mass, are common consequences of ageing process (Doherty, 2003; Goodpaster et al., 2006). This may be related to decreases in anabolic hormones, such as testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (Ahtiainen et al., 2009).