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Microorganism-Mediated Functionalization of Nanoparticles for Different Applications
Published in Vineet Kumar, Praveen Guleria, Nandita Dasgupta, Shivendu Ranjan, Functionalized Nanomaterials I, 2020
Maheshkumar Prakash Patil, Gun-Do Kim
The optical-electronic properties of metallic nanoparticles play an important role in biosensing applications. Extracellularly synthesized semiconductor monoclinic selenium (Se) nanoparticles using Bacillus subtilis were reported for H2O2 sensing application (Wang et al., 2010). Researchers suggested that SeNP-modified electrodes can be useful to detect levels of H2O2 in the clinical, pharmaceutical, and food industries, as well as in environmental applications. Ag-Au alloy nanoparticles are synthesized using yeast cells and applied for the biosensing of vanillin. Ag-Au alloy nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrodes were successfully applied to determine vanillin from vanilla beans and vanilla tea samples and suggested that this biosensor can be applicable in vanillin monitoring systems (Zheng et al., 2010). In another study, the quantum dots of CdSe/ZnS-conjugated ssDNA-fluorescent dye reported the detection of micrococcal nuclease activity in the culture medium of S. aureus by fluorescence microarray (Huang et al., 2008). The metallic nanoparticles or semiconductors quantum dots are applicable as chemical sensors and biosensors (Frasco and Chaniotakis, 2009).
Core‐Shell Quantum Dots: Sensing Applications
Published in Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain, Ajay Kumar Mishra, Nanocomposites for Pollution Control, 2018
Suvardhan Kanchi, Myalowenkosi Sabela, Krishna Bisetty, Venkatasubba Naidu Nuthalapati
Recent efforts have concentrated on replacing TOPO as the solvent during the synthesis with a ligand that possesses functionality that allows for subsequent surface grafting without the need for ligand exchange. Phenyl bromide‐functionalized dioctylphosphine oxide was used recently The latter proved stable to the high‐temperature reaction conditions of quantum dot growth. Subsequently Heck‐type coupling was used to grow poly‐ or oligo‐(phenylene vinylene) (PPV or OPV) ligands from the functional quantum dots [31]. One‐step DNA functionalization on core QDs or during core/shell QD synthesis in aqueous solution was reviewed by Samantaet and co‐workers [32] CdSe) ZnS‐ ssDNA‐fluorescent dye conjugates were used as bioprobes by Huang et al. [33] to detect micrococcal nuclease with high specificity and sensitivity The CdSe) ZnS‐2 mercaptoethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride conjugate was titrated with solutions of ATP and ADP. Guano sine and fluorescence quenching was observed. Water‐soluble CdTe) (after encapsulation) also served as a probe for enzyme kinetics [34] and tiopronin determination [35]. A polydentate phosphine coating on type II quantum dots have been employed in major cancer surgery [36] in large animals via imaging. In additiont capped have been used for cellular imaging [37,38].
Quantum Dots Designed for Biomedical Applications
Published in Claudia Altavilla, Enrico Ciliberto, Inorganic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Applications, and Perspectives, 2017
Ragusa Andrea, Zacheo Antonella, Aloisi Alessandra, Pellegrino Teresa
The first example of protein conjugation to QDs was reported in 2000 by Mattoussi et al. who electrostatically bound a chimeric fusion protein based on the maltose binding protein (MBP) of Escherichia coli (Mattoussi et al. 2000). Since then, much progress has been made and several QD-based antibody conjugates have been prepared and applied in fluoroimmunoassay. Goldman et al. extended that concept to multiple detection by linking four different-color QDs to antitoxin antibodies, thus allowing the simultaneous detection of the corresponding toxins (Goldman et al. 2004). Lao et al. developed a simple method for the direct conjugation of IgG to CdSe/ZnS by using a genetically engineered fusion protein with protein L (a cell-wall component of Peptostreptococcus magnus), thus generating a sensitive immunofluorescent probe for the detection of a representative tumor antigen (Lao et al. 2006). Huang et al. developed a FRET-based probe for the quantitative determination of micrococcal nuclease (MNase) by conjugating dye-labeled ssDNA to CdSe/ZnS QDs through biotin-avidin linkage (Huang et al. 2008). Upon digestion of the ssDNA by the MNase in solution, the QD fluorescence was restored indirectly allowing the determination in culture medium of Staphylococcus aureus. Very recently, Bae et al. designed nickel–nitriloacetic acid (Ni–NTA)-functionalized CdTe/CdS QD clusters for localizing and isolating histidine-tagged fusion proteins (Bae et al. 2009). This Ni–NTA–QD cluster demonstrated to be very efficient, especially for targeting the 6x histidine region of tagged proteins, due to its high affinity, site specificity, and reversibility.
Metabolism of carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides by rat primary hepatocytes generate the same characteristic DHP-DNA adducts
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C, 2021
Xiaobo He, Qingsu Xia, Qiang Shi, Peter P. Fu
Monocrotaline, retrorsine, retrorsine N-oxide, cysteine, glutathione (GSH), calf thymus DNA (sodium salt, type I), nuclease P1, micrococcal nuclease (MN), spleen phosphodiesterase (SPD), 2′-deoxyguanosine (dG), and 2′-deoxyadenosine (dA), 2β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′-phosphate, reduced (NADPH) were purchased from the Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). [15N5]dG and [15N5,13C10]dA were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Tewksbury, MA, USA). All chemicals used for the study were analyzed by HPLC and found to be >97% pure. All solvents used were HPLC or LC/MS grade. Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), trypsin-EDTA, penicillin, and streptomycin were purchased from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA). Blood & Cell Culture DNA Kits were purchased from QIAGEN (Valencia, CA, USA).