China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Musculoskeletal system
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Ankle injuries may include fractures of the distal fibula (lateral malleolus), medial distal tibia (medial malleolus) and posterior distal tibia; talar shift and displacement; fracture of the talus; separation of the distal tibiofibular joint (syndesmosis injury); ligament rupture with joint instability. Salter–Harris fractures of the distal tibia and fibula are common in children.
Patellofemoral pain and musculoskeletal features in young pre- and post-pubertal female dancers
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2023
Nili Steinberg, Yael Sitton, Shilo Kramer, Yahav Levy, Itzhak Siev-Ner
Bone properties: Tibial and radial ultrasound measurements were taken of the dancers’ right hand side bones, using Sunlight OmnisenseTM (Sunlight Medical, Somerset, NJ) – a quantitative ultrasound (QUS) designed to measure speed of sound (SOS) at different skeletal areas, using the axial transmission method. This device is based on the principle whereby ultrasound waves propagate through bone faster than they do through soft tissue. The device consists of a main desktop unit and several small probes, enabling the measurement of SOS at different sites. For the tibia, the measurement site was defined as the midpoint between the medial malleolus apex and the distal patellar apex. For the radius, measurements were taken at the midpoint between the elbow and tip of the middle finger, parallel to the axis of bone. For each measurement, the probe was moved across the mid-tibial plane, to identify the site with maximal reading (R. M. Stanley et al., 2016).
A shoe-insole to improve ankle joint mechanics for injury prevention among older adults
Published in Ergonomics, 2021
As shown in Figure 2(c), a technical frame comprising a set of three IREDs formed clusters that were firmly attached to each body segment. Raw position-time data from the IRED clusters was then used to reconstruct virtual marker locations to define the lower body kinematics using conventional modelling methods within Visual 3 D (C-motion). Pelvis segment was defined by anterior superior iliac spines, posterior superior iliac supines and greater trochanters. The femur model was based on the locations of the greater trochanter, quardrate tubercle, lateral and medial epicondyles. The shank was defined by the lateral and medial condyles and lateral and medial malleolus of the tibia. The foot complex was built using the heel, the 2nd and 5th metatarsal heads, toe (the superior distal end of the foot) and lateral and medial malleolus (Nagano et al. 2011). Thus, a 6-DOF lower body model was established to calculate joint kinematics and kinetics. Obtained raw data were first interpolated to compensate any occluded signals using a window of up to 10 frames (0.1 s). A 4th order zero-lag Butterworth Filter with a cut-off frequency of 6 Hz was then applied to smooth the position-time data. To determine the gait cycle phases and obtain spatio-temporal parameters, toe-off and heel contact were identified by applying kinematic conventions for the detection of these events (O’Connor et al. 2007). Vertical velocity of foot centre of gravity was monitored and the maximum value within a gait cycle was identified as toe-off, while the second local minimum from toe-off was determined as heel contact.
Evaluation of the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of a protocol for the measurement of foot-transmitted vibration
Published in Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 2021
Brandon Vance, Katie A. Goggins, Alison Godwin, Bruce E. Oddson, Tammy R. Eger
The purpose of this study was to establish a recommended FTV-MP and determine how reliably individuals place sensors to record vibration measurements. The MP was developed based on existing research and pilot testing. Participants were exposed to the same FTV profile throughout the study, while three RA donned and doffed the accelerometers for vibration measurement. Vibration was measured at four locations: on the vibration platform at the toe and at the ankle, on the first metatarsal head (big toe), and on the medial malleolus of the tibia (ankle). Un-weighted r.m.s. accelerations were measured at all four locations and reported in the vertical axis and sum. Platform-to-toe and platform-to-ankle transmissibility was also calculated. Results of this study indicate that the proposed FTV-MP appears to be a reliable method for the measurement of FTV exposure.