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The ethics of water governance
Published in David Groenfeldt, Water Ethics, 2019
Management has to do with directing, controlling, and guiding. The word derives from the Latin manus, meaning hand. We humans have been controlling things with our hands for a very long time, and it is our hands, as much as our brains, that define us as a biological species. Governance is one step up from management. The word derives from the Latin gubernare, “to direct or steer,” in other words, to direct the managers. The implication is that management needs direction. If left to their own devices, managers might do an excellent job of managing their particular domain, but, in a way, that harms the greater good. This is why governance is so critical to the water sector. The water profession is full of very capable managers working inside their particular domains of water management – of city water supplies or irrigation systems or building flood control levees – but too often working at cross-purposes to the interests of the water sector as a whole. The reason the world is facing a water crisis is not because of bad management, so much as bad governance.
Management and organization in design and construction
Published in Colin Gray, Will Hughes, Building Design Management, 2007
The definition of ‘manage’ is to conduct things and people in order to achieve some end. It comes from the Latin word manus, meaning hand. Manage has also come to mean accomplish, usually successfully, but it sometimes has the meaning of barely coping, depending upon the context. Management involves co-ordination, motivation, leadership and many aspects of getting things done through other people.
Robot-assisted therapy for arm recovery for stroke patients: state of the art and clinical implication
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Giovanni Morone, Ilaria Cocchi, Stefano Paolucci, Marco Iosa
Table 2 shows the clinical features of the upper limb robotic devices. Differently from lower limb robotic devices, that are mainly focused on gait rehabilitation, robot for upper limbs can be focused on many different functions of activities of daily living, related to the many different tasks performable by the upper limbs: reaching, grasping, pinching, writing, and so on. In fact, hand can perform precise and gross jobs, and arms are used to put the hand in a place of the peripersonal space. So, the main clinical feature of a robot of upper limb rehabilitation is probably related to the motor functions that it can help to rehabilitate. In particular, the main characteristic is if the robot can rehabilitate also the hand (in terms of finger movements) or shoulder-elbow-wrist joint movements. It is clear that a patient could benefit more from robots including the possibility of hand rehabilitation. As shown in Table 2 and Figure 2, among the many existing devices, the robots allowing distal (hand) rehabilitation are the following: Armeo Power, HandMentor, Amadeo Tyromotion, ArmAssist, Gloreha, etc. Some other devices are focused only on upper limb rehabilitation and less on hand rehabilitation, such as: RehaRob, Inmotion, Nerebot, Bi-Manu Track, Mit Manus, Neuro X System, Armeo Spring. In most of these devices a joystick is kept in the closed hand: it may help rehabilitate wrist movements, but finger rehabilitation is very limited.
Design optimisation for a novel underactuated robotic finger by genetic algorithms
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022
Ihsan A. Baqer, Wafa Abd Soud, Mohammed R. Ahmed
Pons et al. (Pons et al. 2004) stated that the mechanical concept contains several innovations with respect to the MANUS-HAND prototype according to the technical specification conducted from the opinion of users and therapists. The number of active joints was more than three times that of commercial prostheses, and up to four types of constipation (cylindrical, precision, and hook) were available with only two operators. The concept of the inactive motor was adopted to maintain the complexity of the system and its size and weight within reasonable limits. The gross weight of the prototype was (1.2 kg), and that, in fact, on the spec.