China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
“Simple” Metrology and Microstructure Quantification
Published in Stuart R. Stock, MicroComputed Tomography, 2019
Not all medical x-ray applications require full 3D information, and considerations of dose limitation and/or specimen geometry often dictate that simple radiography is employed. It is worth a brief mention of the few phase radiographic imaging studies, then, because this modality may become more important clinically in the future. Digital phase mammography has received attention because sensitivity per unit dose to tumor cells or tumor precursors such as microcalcifications is much greater than with conventional mammography (Arfelli, Assante et al. 1998, Kotre and Birch 1999, Yu, Takeda et al. 1999). Diffraction-enhanced radiography of cartilage in disarticulated as well as in intact joints is quite promising (Mollenhauer, Aurich et al. 2002, Li, Zhong et al. 2003, Muehleman, Chapman et al. 2003, Muehleman, Majumdar et al. 2004), although the technical challenges of covering the FOV for human joints such as the ankle are considerable. Studies of the temporal mandibular joint and the mandibular symphysis have provided interesting information on use-induced changes (Nicholson, Stock et al. 2006, Ravosa, Kloop et al. 2007, Ravosa, Kunwar et al. 2007, Ravosa, Stock et al. 2007, Mirahmadi, Koolstra et al. 2017).
Additive manufacturing in the craniofacial area
Published in Ali Khademhosseini, Gulden Camci-Unal, 3D Bioprinting in Regenerative Engineering, 2018
Cedryck Vaquette, Kelly McGowan, Saso Ivanovski
Onlay bone graft (OBG) is an autogenous bone grafting technique that requires harvesting of a block of bone from either an intraoral or extraoral donor site [38], which is thereafter grafted over the existing bone tissue, as shown in Figure 12.1c. Intraoral sites usually include the mandibular ramus and mandibular symphysis, whereas extraoral grafts can be harvested from the iliac crest [39]. The graft can be positioned at the time of implant placement or 4–6 months before implant surgery. This procedure was reported by Rochietta et al. to undergo a 42% reduction in volume when not protected by a membrane, with implant survival 76%–100% [25]. Iliac crest grafts showed an average 4.22 mm bone height gain compared to 4.6 mm with intraoral blocks, with the iliac crest blocks also shown to undergo more extensive resorption. For these reasons, as well as comparative ease of access, intraoral sites are the preferred source of autografts.
An approach for simultaneous reduction and fixation of mandibular fractures
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Ethan Snyder, Mohamed Trabia, Nir Trabelsi
The mandible is one of the most commonly fractured facial bones as a result of maxillofacial trauma. In isolated incidents, mandibular fractures constituted around 18% of fractures seen in maxillofacial trauma (Haug et al. 1990). Of the traumatic circumstances that produce these injuries, the three most susceptible regions are the mandibular symphysis (19.2%), body (18.1%) and angle (16.2%) (Erdmann et al. 2008). Assault and motor vehicle accidents are the leading causes of these fractures, accounting for approximately 50% and 25%, respectively (Haug et al. 1990), (Afrooz et al. 2015a).