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Anesthesia Incidents and Accidents
Published in Marilyn Sue Bogner, Misadventures in Health Care, 2003
Mrs. Jefferson was developing malignant hyperthermia (the second word meaning increased temperature), a rare genetic disease that most commonly manifests itself first under anesthesia. In malignant hyperthermia (or MH), some anesthesia drugs trigger a sudden increase in the amount of calcium inside the skeletal muscle cells, leading to excessive activation of the body’s metabolism. Because of Mrs. Jefferson’s other medical problems, Bill did not even think of MH when her heart rate increased; he attributed it to surgical bleeding and the necessarily light anesthetic state.
Exertional heat stroke in an amateur runner – Challenges in diagnostics and the role of unhealthy competition
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2020
Joanna Marlega, Agnieszka Mickiewicz, Jadwiga Fijalkowska, Marcin Gruchala, Marcin Fijalkowski
Nowadays, the increasing popularity of various physical activities among sports amateurs is observed. Although exercise is the source of well-being and health, it can also exacerbate pre-existing pathologies or cause severe injuries. Strenuous exercise, accompanied by hot weather, high humidity, inappropriate clothing, poor adaptation to heat and psychological components, such as misguided ambition along with over-competitiveness, may easily become trigger factors for body temperature dysregulation. A number of additional risk factors may predispose individuals to exertional heat stroke (EHS), including being male or overweight, dehydration, sleep deprivation, malignant hyperthermia, sickle cell trait, and acute illness (Kazman et al., 2015). Disorders impairing the ability to sweat, such as congenital ectodermal dysplasia and anhidrosis, as well as cicatrized skin due to deep burns, increase the risk of EHS (Seth & Juliana, 2011). Certain commonly used drugs and supplements have also been associated with a heightened risk of EHS, including, but not limited to, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, sartans, diuretics, beta-blockers, decongestants, antidepressants, antihistamines, and antiepileptic and anticholinergic agents (Kalisch Ellett et al., 2016). Nevertheless, approximately half of EHS cases occur in healthy individuals without any risk factors, due to failure of thermoregulation (Gardner et al., 1996; Stacey et al., 2015).